Design And Preliminary Application Of Software For Assessment Of Postoperative Pain In Children

With the development of medicine and the continuous improvement in quality of life, people pay more and more attention to pain, it has become the fifth vital sign after the temperature, respiration, pulse, blood pressure. Pain is a response to sexual stimulation. In the past days, pain in children is not understood correctly, and the excessive fear of analgesic drugs resulting in the lack of adequate attention and effective treatment. Safe and effective postoperative analgesia in children depends not only on the application of advanced technology and drugs, but requires accurate assessment of pain. Faced with this phenomenon, we must harness a reasonable and effective pain assessment tools for children.In this study based on a large number of documents, the researcher analyse the advantages and disadvantages of clinical pain assessment tools commonly used in children, based on the advantages of traditional assessment tools, by visual programming, the children's postoperative pain assessment software is designed. With preliminary clinical application of the software ,verify it's clinical value, and for the purpuse to provide an efficient and accurate tool for clinical assessment of postoperative pain.PartⅠDesign of Software For Assessment of Postoperative Pain In ChildrenObjective To better assess the post-operative pain in children and make the record about pain condition standardized,based on the classical Wong-Baker facial pain scales and visual programming ideas, the children's postoperative pain assessment software has been designed. Methods Through the analysis of the traditional pain assessment tool, we could not only learn its merits but also improve its insufficience of visual programming based on the idea of using Visual Basic6.0 programming language, which can be run in the Windows series of platforms, there is the information database about pain in children established by Access2003 in the main server, ADO (Active Data Objects) data access technology is used in the terminal through the network to input, query and modify information. Results The strongly practical pain assessment software has been created, which is easy to operate, fast, and it runs stable in other systems such as Windows. Conclusion The software is designed reasonable, easy to operate, and it is scientific and advanced.PartⅡClinical Validation of Software For Assessment of Postoperative Pain in ChildrenObjective To evaluate the reliability and validity of the postoperative pain assessment software. Methods From December 2009 to June 2010,101children undergoing seheduled surgical operation in Qilu Children's Hospital were selected. (52 males and 49 females, aged 4 to 14 years with an average of 8.5 years old)All the children were divided by age inio three groups: the pre-school age group (4～6years old)and the school age group(7～11years old) and adolescent group (12～14years old). All the children were also divided by the grade of surgery into three groups: the large surgery group, the miderate surgery group and the small surgery group. Before assessment all the children were trained with three pain assessment methods to make sure the children can identify different pain assessment tools independently and can express the pain intensity exactly. In this study NRS(numerical rating scale), FPS(faces pain scale) and the software for assessment of postoperative pain were used from the day after surgery to the third day. From the nursery, elementary and middle school separately select 20 children. Results The reliability and validity of the postoperative pain assessment software is well. Conclusion The reliability and validity of the postoperative pain assessment software is well and it can be used in pain assessmen.PartⅢPreliminary Application of Software For Assessment of Postoperative Pain in ChildrenObjective Assess the children's postoperative pain intensity aged 4 to 14 by using the postoperative pain assessment software. Methods The same with partⅡ(except for healthy children). Results Children of different ages select different tools.41 children of the pre-school group select postoperative pain assessment software, 2 children firstly select FPS, and none of them select NRS as the first tool. 28 children of the school age group firstly choose postoperative pain assessment software, 7 children preferred FPS and 4 children firstly select NRS. In the group of adolescent 9 children select postoperative pain assessment software. After surgery to the third day, the correlation coefficient of the three assessment tools is between 0.657 and 0.922. There is no significant difference in the pain scores at the state of resting and eating but there is statistically different at the state of breathing deeply and coughing. In the same day after surgery the children in the large surgery group have higher pain scores, there is statistically different (P <0.05). In the same type of surgery, the most severet pain occurs in the day of surgery, and the pain intensity gradually reduced with the time delayed. In the same type of surgery and in the same time after surgery, girls and the younger children have higher pain scores. Conclusion Children's postoperative pain assessment software can be used in the postoperative pain assessment, and it is welcomed by the children. Selection of the assessment tools between children of different ages is not the same. All the children firstly select postoperative pain assessment software.The three assessment tools have better relativity. Different type of surgery and different time, children's experience of pain is not the same. Boys can suffer more pain than girls.Children of different ages feel different degrees of pain.Younger children and girls have higher score than older and boys.