| Background:The normal amniotic fluid quantity plays an important role in the growth and development of fetus. In the third-trimester amniotic fluid quantity less than 300ml is known as oligohydramnios. The incidence of oligohydramnios is various from 0.4% to 4% in our country. With the development of ultrasonic technology, it is possible to find out oligohydramnios and give intervention and treatment in order to decrease the mortality rate of perinatal fetus. The oligohydramnios is a serious threat for perinatal fetus, so it is important to deal with the oligohydramnios cases correctly.Objective:This article uses the case-control study and analysis the clinical data of study group and control group, to observe the various complications of oligohydramnios and their impacts on maternal and child, and to explore the varying degrees of oligohydramnios on the impact of late pregnancy outcome and related factors for oligohydraminos and its influence.To provide clinical evidence for the management of oligohydramnios of the perinatal period.Methods:The study group was 137 cases diagnosed as oligohydramnios in Qianfoshan Hospital from January 2009 to December 2010, and 137 pregnant women with normal amniotic fluid of the same period from the same hospital were enrolled as the control group. In the group of oligohydramnios, there were 133 cases whose amniotic fluid index (AFI)≤8cm by ultrasonic. Among those patients, there were 75 cases whose amniotic fluid index>5 cm and≤8 cm, and 58 cases whose amniotic fluid index≤5cm. The maternal age, gestational age and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, cesarean delivery, dystocia et al, fetal situation (amniotic fluid contamination, fetal distress, fetal macrosomia, children with low birth weight et al)of the two groups were recorded. Incidences of the above complications were compared between the two groups by statistical methods. The clinical observations were also made in the group of 5cm<AFI≤8cm and the group of AFI≤5cm.Results:In the oligohydramnios group, patients aged from 22 to 40 years old, and the average age was 29.51±3.13y, the gestational age was 35.0-41.5 weeks, with 2 cases of twin pregnancy, in total 139 babies were born, and whose weight ranged from 1700g to 4620g. While in the control group, the patients'age ranged from 20 to 41 years old, and the average age was 29.01±3.68y, gestational age was 34.5-42.1 weeks. And with 1 case of twin pregnancy, a total of 138 babies were born, and whose weight ranged from 2060g to 4300g. Both groups had no maternal and newborn deaths. There were no significant difference of maternal age between the two groups(P>0.05). There were 48 cases of cesarean section, 3 cases of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, 2 cases of dystocia, 13 cases of amniotic fluid contamination,7 cases of children with low birth weight,2 cases of fetal distress occurred in the control group, while there were 87 cases of cesarean section, 10 cases of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, 6 cases of dystocia, 36 cases of amniotic fluid contamination,17 cases of children with low birth weight,16 cases of fetal distress occurred in oligohydramnios group, whose incidences were all significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05). In the study, there was statistically significant difference in the cesarean, fetal growth restriction and amniotic fluid contamination between the group of 5cm<AFI≤8cm and the group of AFI≤5cm (P<0.05).Conclusion:Oligohydramnios severely threatens perinatal fetus, as a routine antenatal monitoring indicator in the third-trimester, the varying degrees of oligohydramnios have different impact in the late pregnancy outcome. When the amniotic fluid index>5cm and≤8cm, if the intensive care of intrauterine circumstances were played, the chance of vaginal trial delivery rate can be increased, and to some extent, the cesarean delivery rate can be decreased. When the AFI≤5 cm pregnancy result is always worse than usual, the prompt cesarean termination pregnancy should be adopted to improve the perinatal outcomes. |
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