Analysis On Seeding Root Traits Of Maize Hybrids And Their Parent Inbred Lines From Different Period In China

Maize (Zea may L.) is the most important cereal crop in the world, and was plant widely. The root system would take great effect on the maize produce. It is important to carry out the research on the maize root system to promote the maize produce. In this research,20 fine varieties and there 32 parent inbred lines from China were used to study on the root system of the root cycles, length and weight and there genetic characters. There were the main conclusions as follows:1. There were big variant for each root traits in the trail materials. In inbred lines, the average FLRC, FLRL, SLRC, SLRL, MRL, SRC, SRL, RL and RDW were 3.45,19.52cm,4.47,43.54cm, 39.04cm,3.08,49.91cm,2.52cm and 3.30g, respectively; the coefficient of variation (C.V) were 15.46, 27.25,14.79,15.21,22.08,23.30,15.40,21.89,28.12, respectively. The average FLRC, FLRL, SLRC, SLRL, MRL, SRC, SRL, RL and RDW were 3.61,20.84cm,4.22,50.62cm,46.46cm,4.16,62.16cm, 2.51cm and 5.19g for varieties, respectively; the coefficient of variation (C.V) were 17.62,34.55,14.61, 17.05,16.28,15.19,9.44,15.80,20.43, respectively.Except of the traits of SLRC and RL, the root traits of hybrids were bigger than that of inbred lines.2. There were no distinct tendenciesfor the hybrid root cycles and length with the time development from later of 20th century to current.The FLRC was highest of 4.13 in the 3rdperiod. The SLRC were more than 4.6 in the first and second periods. And the SRC got the peak of 4.9 in the first period. The SLRL, MRLand SRL were all the highest in the second period with the length of 56.80cm, 49.45cm and 68.65cm. The root dry weight was the highest in second period of 5.58g and the lowest in the last period of 4.39g.3. In the all root traits, MRL and SRC have the highest abroad sense heritability of 0.449; and then were RDWand SRL of 0.284 and 0.275, respectively. The analyze of additive effect for inbred lines and dominant effect for hybrids showed that there were different genetic effects on the root system traits in different materials. On this basis, it would be important that choose of fine parent lines to hybrids cross.4. The relationship analyze showed that there were little distinct correlation between maize seeding root traits. The root dry weight was positively correlated with the FLRC, FLRL, SLRL, MRL, SRC and SRL.All the correlation coefficients were no more than 0.5, means there were weakcorrelation ship between root traits.