| In order to realize the performance of main traits of He 50A (B), yield and heterosis of yield of combinations that He 50A crossed with restorers. It has an important directive significance to providing practical basic for further development and application of He 50A(B), and it has important reference value for breeding sterility lines and combinations what have strong heterosis too.4 sterility of three lines (maintain line)and 5 restorer lines was used to make 20 crosses by NCⅡdesign to investigate performance and heterosis of main traits of He 50A (B) and combinations that made by He 50A. The main results as follow.1,The growth period of He 50A was moderate. Duration from Seeding to Heading was 70d, similar with V20A(CK2), and was longer 11d than Jing23A(CK1), and shorter 4d than Zhenshan 97 A. The plant height was short (64.5cm), it was shorter 14.6cm,10.5cm and 23.1cm than CK1, CK2 and CK3 respectively. The ears of rice were bigger, the number of spikelet per panicle was 92.7, it was more 13.4,3.6 and 3.2 than CK1, CK2 and CK3 respectively. Compare with three contrasts, stronger tillering ability and higher bearing tiller for He 50A. Rate of panicle enclosure was 37.4%, and higher 12.1,lower 4.0 and higher 14.3 percentage point than CK1, CK2 and CK3 respectively. The rate of stigma exsertion was 78.3%, similar with CK1, and higher 12.6 and 32.9 percentage point than CK2 and CK3 respectively, the rate of stigmaa exertion of double side was 53.2%, and higher 5.3,12.8 and 34.9 percentage point than CK1, CK2 and CK3 respectively. The result showed it was superior to three CK for He 50A in main traits of flowering and comprehensive agronomic traits.2, The growing period of He 50B was moderate. Duration from Seeding to Heading was 66d, similar with V20B (CK2), and was longer 11 d than Jing23 B (CK1), and shorter 4d than Zhenshan 97 B. The plant height was short (91.1cm), it was higher 5.8cm,7.5cm and 12.1cm than CK1, CK2 and CK3 respectively. The ability of tiller was stronger and bearing tiller was higher, ears of rice were bigger. Setting percentage was 93.5%, and was higher 5.0,10.9 and 2.3 percentage point than CK1, CK2 and CK3 respectively.1000 grain weight was 29.7g. It was bigger 5.7g,0.5g and 2.7g than CK1, CK2 and CK3 respectively. The actual yield was higher (437.8kg/667m2), and higher 24.3%,9.9% and 4.9% compare with CK1, CK2 and CK3 respectively. The result showed, it was superior to three CK for He 50B in main agronomic traits.3,According to the whole growth period,number of panicles and number of spikelets per panicle could be divided three classes for 5 restorer lines include R113 which crossed with four sterilities include He 50A. The whole growth period of R237 (123d) was the longest. R113 (108d),R138 (109d) and Minghui 86 was medium (110d), Xianhui 207 (103d) was the shortest. Number of panicles of R237 (24.2×104/667m2) was the most. R113 (21.6×104/667m2) and Minghui 86 (19.3×104/667m2) was medium, R138 (15.3×104/667m2) and Xianhui 207 (17.7×104/667m2) was the least. The number of filled grains per panicle of R138(150.8) and Xianhui 207 (135.2)was the most, Minghui 86(117.3) was the medium, R113(97.9) and R237 (105.6)was least.1000 grain weight of R138 (28.1g) and Minghui 86 (28.7g) was largest, It was less for R113 (25.2g),R237 (25.5g) and Xianhui 207 (24.6g). The yield of R235 (487.3kg/667m2) and Minghui 86 (479.3kg/667m2) was the highest, It was lower for R113 (412.5kg/667m2),R138 (417.3kg/667m2) and Xianhui 207 (419.7kg/667m2). The result showed performance diversification for main agronomic traits of restorer lines.4. The whole growth period of the combinations which He 50 A crossed with 5 restorer lines could be divided three classes. Among of them, He 50 A/R113 (106d) and He 50 A/Xianhui 207 (108d) were the of medium-maturing late rice type (Jinyou 207, 107d); He 50A/R138 (111d) and He 50A/Minghui 86 (116d) were the late-maturing late rice type (Weiyou 46, 111d); He 50A/R237 (124d) was the single late rice type (Shanyou 63,119d). The result showed He 50A was crossed the restorer line of the different whole growth period could make the combinations with the different whole growth period types.5,The average yield and the daily yield of combinations that He 50 A was crossed 5 restorer lines were 588.4 kg/667m2 and 5.2kg respectively, and higher 17.4%,11.9%, 11.8%and 0.6kg,0.6kg,0.5kg respectively compare with the combinations that the 5 restorer lines crossed with Ai A, Yuexian A and Zhong 9A. The result showed the general combining ability of He 50A on yield and daily yield was stronger than Ai A, Yuexian A and Zhong 9A. Among of the 23 test combinations (include 3 contrast combinations), it was highly significant in yield compare with 3 corresponding contrasts for the top 3 ranking combinations that they were all made by He 50A. and the same as top 1～2 ranking for the different type combinations on yield and daily yield. The results showed the special combining ability was stronger than Ai A, Yuexian A and Zhong 9A. Meanwhile, the contrast heterosis of different type combinations made by He 50A was very strong. The main reason of strong yield heterosis comparing with three contrast for the combinations made by He 50A was number of panicles, number of filled grains per panicle and 1000 grain weight coordinating better. That is to say, at least above two traits were superior to the combinations made by other sterility lines or the same type corresponding contrast combination. Moreover, the other traits were above average level. |
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