Analysis Of The Main Alkaloids Accumulation Of Coptis Under Different Growth Conditions

Coptis chinensis is a herbaceous shade plant of the buttercup family. About 18 species have been found at present, which distributed in the northern hemisphere temperate regions, and most of them distributed in East Asia. The shape of Coptis rhizome is like yellow strung beads, so it's called Huanglian. The dried rhizome of Coptis chinensis is one of mostly used Chinese traditional medicinal herbs. The preparations from Coptis rhizomes were widely used for clearing away heat, resolving dampness, purging fire and detoxification et al. Coptis chinensis basically originated in Chongqqing, Hubei, Sichuan, etc. In recent years, it's mainly cultivated in Lichuan of Hubei and Shizhu of Chongqing, both of them were famous for "the Hometown of Coptis chinensis". For many years, the research of Coptis chinensis was mainly focused on the medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, resources and clinical application etc. The cultivation of Coptis chinensis had a long history, but the work on cultivation of Coptis for high yield and quality is very little.In a long time, the Coptis chinensis was mainly cultivated under the forest land. The research of Coptis chinensis cultivated under dry land got success in recent years and made a notable ecological economic benefit. Lichuan of Hubei is the biggest area for Coptis cultivation, but the management, especially in fertilization, is comparatively extensive. So we selected three kinds of land such as rice field, uncultivated land and dry land to cultivate Coptis chinensis in Jianzhuxi of Lichuan, combined with the formula fertilizations based on the "3414" experimental design to study the dynamic accumulation of the total alkaloids and the main components, in order to give suggestions for high quality of Coptis chinensis cultivation and fertilization under different kinds of field in the future.The extraction of the total alkaloids and separation of the main components of Coptis chinensis Franch and the accumulation characteristics of the main components such as epiberberine, berberine, palmatine and coptisine in the aboveground and underground parts of Coptis cultivated in different type of fields and different fertilization, the main physiological indexes such as the contents of soluble sugar, total nitrogen, C/N ratio, tyrosine and the main components have been done in this paper. The main results are as follows:1. The change of soluble sugar of the aboveground of Coptis cultivated in rice field, and both of the above- and under-ground parts of Coptis cultivated in uncultivated land showed an inverted "V" shape curve during the period from Sep,2010 to Mar,2011. But the soluble sugar of the underground parts of Coptis cultivated in rice field and dry land decreased during this period.2. The contents of total nitrogen of Coptis cultivated in rice field, uncultivated land and dry land showed a trend to decrease from Jun, to Nov,2010, and an increasing trend was found from Nov,2010 to Mar,2011.3.2. The C/N ratio of Coptis cultivated in any one of the three types of fields increased from Jun, to Nov,2010, and decreased from Nov,2010 to Mar,2011.4. The contents of tyrosine of Coptis cultivated in any one of the three types of fields increased from Jun,2010to Mar,2011.5. The contents of total alkaloids in above- or under-ground parts of Coptis cultivated in rice field rised from Jun, to Nov,2010, and decreased from Nov,2010 to Mar,2011. The total alkaloids in above- or under-ground parts of Coptis cultivated in uncultivated and dry land decreased overly from Sep,2010 to Mar,2011.6. The contents of berberine showed a trend of decline during the period from Sep, 2010 to Mar,2011. The contents of palmatine of aboveground parts of Coptis cultivated in rice field and uncultivated land decreased at the early stage and increased later during this same period, and the contrary trend was found in the variation of palmatine content in the underground parts.The contents of epiberberine of the aboveground parts of Coptis cultivated in rice field and uncultivated land showed a trend of increase during the period from Sep,2010 to Mar,2011, the contents of epiberberine of the underground parts decreased during this period, The contents of coptisine of the above- or under-ground parts of Coptis cultivated in rice field and uncultivated land showed a trend of decrease during the period from Sep,2010 to Mar,2011, and the contents of coptisine of Coptis cultivated in rice field increased during the period from Jun,2010 to Sep,2011.