Science And Technology Education In Ancient Chinese Enlightenment Writings

The Chinese ancient children's science and technology books is the precious inheritance in the Chinese traditional culture, it includes the various contents of the nature, history, science and technology, morals...etc., which contains abundant education thought, and reflects the most large crowd's living appearance and the educated condition.So it provides precious research data for Chinese ancient Children's education research.The Chinese ancient education takes Confucianism theories as the core of the traditional thought. In the Chinese ancient history , although Chinese ancient children's science and technology education is not in an essential position, we obtain mang glorious science and technology results which reflecting excellent effect of the ancient science and technology educaton to some extent.The Chinese ancient educator pay attention to the children's education.So the children's books contains a great deal of science and technology knowledge and science and technology attitude which are spred in the society of the biggest degree.So researching the science and technology books can not only extend the researching scope of the ancient science and technology education, but also provide experience for current children's science and technology education.On these grounds, this topic takes the science and technology books with strong humane features as the research object for inquiring to the science and technology education's concrete contents and characteristics.This research topic is divided into three parts.The first part, it introduces that the children's science and technology education comes from the mankind Consciousness' awakening. The embryonic science and technology knowledge includes in some craft activities and the religious activity. With the characters appears, science and technology knowledge are jotted down gradually which provide data for the writing of science and technology books.There are lots of children's books on the Chinese history,from the contents which can be divided into types of the knowing word, knowledge, morals, comprehensive and so on.There are not specialized children's science and technology books in numerous ancient children's books,the science and technology knowledges express obviously in the type of the knowing word and comprehensive. On these grounds,the topic chooses typical model type's of knowing word and comprehensive children books to analysize in order to inquiry into the science and technology educational thought containing among them.There are a great deal of astronomy and geography knowledge and many about life,production and living creature knowledge in the influence profoundly of《The Thousand-character classic》,《The Three-character classic》,《Poetry from a Thousand poets》etc.There is a book which has deep scholastic writing, named《Elementary course for the writing》,by explaining the Chinese characters vividly to introduce the basic natural thing and science and technology concept. There's another book with the form of incorporated text and graphic, following《the book of songs》as its feature, named《Grades of Poetry》, it introduces the name of the flowers,grass,insects,fishes and so on. There are books which include a great deal of literary reference named《Elementary course about the thing's name and its description》and《Collection the rare and valuable things for the young. The child can not only acquire related science and technology knowledge, but also understand a great deal of history person and story.There are books including miscellaneous word in common use which gather the function of knowing word, understanding the common thing and studying the practical technical skill, in which introduce a great deal of of relevant physiology knowledge, tools and various produce technical ability. There is also a speciall mathematics book to be worth mentioning, named《Gathering all the algorithm》,it uses the verse form to explain mathematic problem. The form makes mathematics which thought to be high and deep knowledge lead for social people.The second part, by analizing the science and technology books, it makes children's science and technology books' feature emerging, and then concludes science and technology educational purpose.First, the child should know and explain familiar natural phenomena.Second, the child also studies and controls the closely-related nature livings and basic socially commonsense.Third, the child should understand the production and living skills for satisfying the basic need of the agriculture and the business.Moreover, the chileren's science and technology education always pierces through the moral education, usually asking for help from animals, plants' appearance to carry on moral preachment.After concluding the children science and technology educational purpose, the topic generalizes the children science and technology educational contents which include three aspects.First, it introduces science and technology concept.There are two forms to put forward the concept:directly and indirectly .The indirect form usually relies on thing's characteristics, appearance and related historical fact or literary reference...etc. the indirect form is vivid, imaginary and owning abundant cultural idea.Second ,it describes a great deal of science and technology historical fact and introduces some science and technology persons.Third, it explains the ancient person who have some viewpoints of science and technology, which is named ancient view of science and technology.The third part, it generalizes Chinese ancient children's science and technology educational apocalypse to modern elementary science and technology education.First, greatly part of ancient children science and technology books adopt rhyme language, on this foundation,some use the right part radical, some make use of verse, some have illustration.These ways are easy to accept,study and record to cantillated for a child which draw lessons for writing the modern elementary science and technology educational textbook.Second, ancient children's science and technology books accustomed to using a great deal of literary reference, which make children science and technology educational contents contain more stories and interests.The characteristics matches children's mind and body development and satisfies the child's curiosity.It can also transfer the interest so that the child will study the science and technology knowledge well.In addition, the ancient children's science and technology books pays attention to explain Chinese characters in detail and make use of many forms, such as verse and literary reference...etc, and these ways include abundant aesthetic factors and strong cultural implications.It can not only have highly aesthetic value but also reflect the humanities which the children's science and technology education aiways pursues.