Multi-transceiver Sensor Networks And Its Routing Technology

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) use a new technology to acquire process andtransmit information. WSNs usually consist of a large number of self-organized anddistributed sensor nodes, which forms multi-hop communications. WSNs combines theadvantages of organizing networks efficient and flexible and unbound by wire networks,it has broad prospects for application in military, medical and other fields, known as the21st century's one of the most promising technique. We develop multiple radio multiplechannel wireless sensor networks (MRMC-WSNs) against WSNs' characteristics oflimited capacity of the communication, also we study the key technology of WSNs'MAC protocols and routing protocols.Firstly, We present the advantages of MRMC-WSNs and it existence anddevelopment trend. We also develop it hardware platform. MRMC-WSNs combinesWSNs and wireless mesh networks merits. It both has WSNs' characteristics ofcheapness of nodes, good mobility and scalability, convenient placement and shortdevelopment periods and has wireless mesh networks' characteristics of multi-modulesand multi-channel wireless connectivity. MRMC-WSNs can efficiently reduce conflictblock and enhance data throughput in WSNs, further increase real-time data informationand decrease probability of lost data.Secondly, we make a study of MAC protocols in WSNs and propose three newMAC protocols.MR-MAC algorithm is an energy-efficient medium access-control protocol. In thisalgorithm, each node fixes an exclusive communication frequency and a unifiedbroadcasting frequencies of the entire networks, the algorithm uses various nodes ofdifferent frequency to reduce conflict and enhance the real-time data in WSNs. Using away of pre-awaken, the algorithm decreases the handshake protocol in WSNs to reduceenergy consumption.A MAC algorithm based on time-sharing scheduling is proposed. This algorithmuses an effective time assignment and maximizes the number of nodes working and sleeping at the same time in the networks. Communication with other nodes doesn'tneed handshake protocol. It can further reduce the energy consumption of awakenmechanism and extend networks' system lifetime.Based on MRMC-WSNs' mechanism that the multiple radio multiple channel workat the same time, a new MAC algorithm based on frequency hop is also proposed in thispaper. It uses random frequency hopping to achieve communication in networks. Thisalgorithm enhances the anti-jamming performance and reducing the same frequencysignal transmission to the wireless conflict in networks. It also use its own hardwareACK to improve networks' real-time data transmission performance.Finally, we present a MRMC-WSNs' routing algorithm. It has the characteristics ofrapid convergence, stable work and energy-efficient. The algorithm makes use ofmulti-path to ensure data transmission stability and robustness. It uses a method ofchoosing the node whose remainder energy is still large as routing forward to avoidimbalance of nodes' energy consumption. It adopts cross-layer protocol design, andmakes full use of the features of multi-radio in MAC layer to improve the network inreal time. Detailed experimental results show the algorithm's performance on balancingenergy consumption, saving energy and prolonging system lifetime, etc is better.