Bistatic Passive Radar Tma Technology Research

Passive location and tracking technique using radiation reflected by target from external transmitter have some unusual merits such as full concealment, all-weather, counter low altitude breakthrough and detection of steal target and other (almost all) outstanding features on counter electronic warfare. Owing to its high potential in military area, now the main countries having advantaged radar technology are investigating passive radar system employing this technique. Of which, Single Observer Passive Location and Tracking technique is a crucial research trend and can full develop its advantages of agility and maneuverability. This thesis preliminarily studies Target Motion Analysis technique using in passive bistatic radar, namely as SOPLAT technique, based on forward scattering radar. Three main contexts in TMA technique are involved: observability of target trajectory, bounds for the estimation errors and actual estimation algorithms. The main contents are as following.The first chapter gives an overview of passive location and tracking technique using radiation reflected by target from external transmitter and surveys passive radar system's present study states at home and abroad, emphasizing its huge value in military area.The observability of passive bistatic radar TMA system is studied in chapter 2. The necessary and sufficient conditions of non-observability of three-dimensional N-order motion target is deduced and the equivalence between TMA system using bear and Doppler measurements and TMA system using bear and time difference of arrival measurements is showed, then they have same non-observability conditions. The geometrical method of observability analysis can also be applied to similar passive TMA system.The location error low bound and its influence factors are studied in chapter 3. The conclusion is practical to configuration, technical and tactical indicators and the selection of location and tracking algorithm of specific system. The digital simulation analysis method based on Cramer-Rao lower bound theory also suit other generic location and tracking systems.The batch algorithms of forward scattering radar location and tracking system are studied in chapter 4. Two estimation methods, nonlinear least square estimation and maximum likelihood estimation, and two numerical solution methods, Gauss-Newton method and Levenberg-Marquardt method, are discussed in details and the algorithms formed with different method's combinations are carried out by Monte Carlo simulated experiments. The deductions of experiment results help to select appropriate algorithms in different applications. For passive bistatic radar location system with unknown transmitting frequency , its opportunity of practical application is almost impossible since too high frequency measurement precision required to be obtained in practical situation.The recursive algorithms of forward scattering radar location and tracking system are studied in chapter 5. Strong tracking filter theory and its design method are discussed in details on the background countering filtering divergence of more general nonlinear system and then a Suboptimal Fading Extended Kalman Filter is deduced. SFEKF algorithm is improved by author and thus all good features of strong tracking filter are obtained which demonstrated by Monte Carlo simulated experiments. The implementation of Strong tracking filer in area of target location and tracking is few but its potential power has been full showed.Finally, an overview of author's work and the prospect of passive bistatic radar TMA technique are presented.