Anthropological Interpretation Of Inner Mongolia, Local Public Health Process

In this paper, through historical and anthropological research on two public health process "the eradication of sexually transmitted diseases" and " women's health" in pastoral areas of Inner Mongolia, the author discusses how the health interventions in public health enter into the traditional animal husbandly society in the special social context, as well as how's the local response of traditional culture to this process, in which the interpretation of the cultural interaction of cognitive and institutional dynamics overtook the simple scientific and behavioral observations. The main logical line through the paper is the relationship between public health and socio-cultural locality.This paper is divided into four parts. In the first part, the author explains the theoretical and practical significance of public health research in the perspective of history and anthropology in Inner Mongolia, and also discusses the theories of medical anthropology, social history of medical treatment and gender which the paper concerned. In addition, the author introduces the methods, field investigation and oral history research based on the constitution of local culture and information in Inner Mongolia. In this approach, the author reveals microcosmicly the local subjectivity in the process of institutionalization. The second part analyzes ecological factors in the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (mainly syphilis) in animal husbandry society in Inner Mongolia. These factors include imbalance in the ecological environment and the sex ratio, specific socio (temple)-family relations and folk-customs, more open sexual concepts and practices, and the lack of public health, especially maternal and child health. The author focuses on the theoretical analysis of the successful localization of "the elimination of sexually transmitted diseases", which got two achievements: on the one hand, modern public health system speed to pastoral areas in up-down pattern with self-adjustment to the local ecology; on the other hand, a social network was built to prevent the disease collectively by combination with local culture and social capital, in particular the use of health administration to integrate local health resources which made the social network achieve a deeper level of socialization in civil society. And finally, with maternal-child health introduced in the fight against sexually transmitted diseases, a more sustainable institutionalized intervention was carried out.The third part tried to recover local response to reproductive health and public health in the micro-perspective local feminine doctor's individual life history in traditional animal husbandry society. From which, we can see the culture process of how local culture accepting and "converting" the exterior health care system with using of practical agency and how modern health system achieving balance with local knowledge, beliefs, feelings, needs, even participating in the cultural construction of local awareness.The fourth part focuses on the core issues of public health research in Medical Anthropology-the relationship between modern public health and local socio-cultural factors. This paper tries to explain that the relationship between modern public health system and traditional pastoral culture is not natural "enter-confrontation" based on previous historical and cultural interpretation of the two public health examples. Heterogeneous medical culture and institution system interacts with that of the grass-roots in the changing social context and adapt to each other. Therefore, modern public health was localized and traditional locality was recognized at the same time.