Minhang District, Shanghai, Occupational Health Supervision And Management Of The Status Quo And Countermeasures Research

BackgroundTo attain the goal which everyone enjoy the occupational health protection is the problem that international community pay close attention to. It is also the important assignment of occupational diseases prevention and control and occupational health supervision of our country.Shanghai is an important industry city of our country. It has strong industry foundation, complete producing kinds and gigantic industrial worker team. The occupational diseases such as pneumoconiosis and various kinds of acute and chronic occupational poisoning still threaten the workers' health and life. The work of occupational diseases prevention and control is hard and rigorous. For preventing and controlling the occupational diseases, protecting the labours' health and rights and interests correlated feasibly and attaining the goal of "work,harmonization,health", it has great significance that how to create conditions to accord with the requirements of the laws and statutes and standards of occupational health and establish the system of the enterprise occupational health supervision and administration which can reflect the peculiarity of Shanghai and accord with national conditions of the People's Republic of China and be in line with international community.ObjectiveWe not only investigated the present situation of occupational health supervision through cases from practice of law enforcement and administrative penalty from 2004 to 2006 in Minhang District's health bureau health supervision bureau, but also analyzed problems and weakness of supervision process in order to make suggestions and countermeasures to strengthen the work of occupational health supervision and administration further.MethodsThis is a descriptive research, taking Minhang District, Shanghai as the scene. The author collected the stat. yearbooks, occupational health supervision data, interview data and other statistical data. Qualitative analysis and semiquantitative analysis were taken to make the conclusion by analyzing the situation of enterprises having occupational hazards and the situation of occupational health supervision and administration. Results1. Although the preliminary legislation system of occupational health supervision and administration has been established, the related detailed rules and regulations have yet to be improved and the manipulation has to be strengthened.2. By the quantified grading management of the occupational health supervision, the rate of the qualified preventive occupational health supervision has been raised to some extent and the occupational health training of the workers has been strengthened. All these are conducive to raise the level of the enterprises occupational health administration.3. The quantity of level B and level C enterprises is large and these enterprises are the emphasis of occupational health supervision and administration. The rate of the wokers' occupational physical examination has yet to be raised.4. The labours' self-safeguard awareness has yet to be raised. The situation of the labours' articles for protective use against occupational diseases is not ideal.5 . Because of the defects on the occupational health supervision and administration system, the effects on enforcement of laws have been weakened.6. The occupational health supervising team gets younger but less professional.7. The occupational health supervisor should reflect fair and impartial and accomplish reasonable and lawful when they exercise the authority to rule freely.ConclusionThrough the investigations, researches and analyses on the present situation of occupational health supervision and administration in Minhang District, it has given play to affect that the enforcement of the laws and statutes of occupational health and the quantified grading management of the occupational health supervision can protect the labours' health. But the work of occupational health supervision and administration is still hard and rigorous, because the legislation system is not perfect, the quality of the occupational health supervising team and supervision needs to be enhanced, and the law awareness of the enterprise management and the labours' self-safeguard awareness are very faint. We need to explore the new supervision mode unceasingly, so that we can fulfil the aim on preventing and controlling the occupational diseases and protecting the labours' health and rights and interests correlated feasibly.