| Objective To detect the affection to neonatal neurobehavioral development caused by thePAHs explosure in the air during pregnancy,and to detect whether Brain-derived neurotrophicfactor (BDNF) can be the special biomarker to indicate that neonatal neurobehavioraldevelopment decrease caused by exposure to PAHs in the air during pregnancy. MethodsHigh-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with subsequent fluorescence detection wasused to determine the PAHs level during November 2009 to May 2010 in the cooperationalhospital in changzhi and taiyuan,and the urinary 1-hydroxypyrene levels in the 297 pregnantwomen who were living in taiyuan or changzhi for more than one year, having baby in thecooperational hospitals at the research time, and were willing to cooperate with researchers.Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment (NBNA) was used to determine the developmentof neonatal neural behavior. ELISA kits were used to determine brain-derived neurotrophicfactor (BDNF) levels in cord blood plasma. Comparise PAHs levels in the air, pregnant womenurinary 1 - hydroxypyrene levels, the scores of NBNA ,BDNF levels in cord blood plasmabetween changzhi and taiyuan.And detect the factors of every indictor with multiple regressionanalysis. Results 1.Changzhi and Taiyuan are both polluted by coal burning. There are morePAHs in the air in Taiyuan than Changzhi. There are significant differences beween Taiyuan andChangzhi in levels of pyrene, benz (a) anthracene, Chrysene, benz (a) pyrene, dibenz (a,h)anthracene in the air. The average mass concentration of PM10 in the air in Taiyuan was409.7817μg/m~3, the mass concentration of PAHs was 411.1060ng/m~3, the B(a)P concentrationwas 0.0246μg/m~3, which was 2.46 times of the national residential atmosphere B(a)Pconcentration limits (0.01μg/m~3 ,GB3095-1996). The average mass concentration of PM10 in theair in changzhi was 452.1189μg/m~3, the mass concentration of PAHs was 289.1661ng/m~3, theB(a)P concentration was 0.0172μg/m~3, which was 1.72 times of the national residentialatmosphere B (a) P concentration limits. 2.The median of Urinary 1- hydroxypyrene level inpregnant women of Taiyuan was 1.140μg/mmolCr,(P25 was 0.457μg/mmolCr, P75 was 2.678μg/mmolCr),The median of Urinary 1- hydroxypyrene level in pregnant women of Changzhiwas 0.761μg/mmolCr, (P25 wasμg/mmolCr, P75 was 2.095μg/mmolCr). Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene level in pregnant women of Taiyuan is more than that in changzhi, and there aresignificant differences beween Taiyuan and Changzhi. In multiple linear regression models, therewas positive correlation between urinary 1-hydroxypyrene level and PAHs level in theair,gestation; there was negative correlation between urinary 1-hydroxypyrene level andMaternal education,The number of months of this pregnancy. 3.Newborns were examined withNeonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment (NBNA). NBNA median score of the 153 Newborns in Taiyuan was 38 points, the highest score was 40 points, lowest score 34 points.There are 4 newborns'NBNA scores were lower than the normal standard (≦ 35 points) inTaiyuan. NBNA median score in Changzhi was 39 points, the highest score was 40 points,lowest score was 37 points. There are no newborns'NBNA scores were lower than the normalstandard in Changzhi. The NBNA scores, capacity scores, passive muscle tension scores, activemuscle tension scores and general assessment scores in Taiyuan Less than that in Changzhi, andthere are significant differences beween Taiyuan and Changzhi. In multiple linear regressionmodels,there was positive correlation between NBNA score and times of gestation; there wasnegative correlation between NBNA score and urinary 1 - hydroxypyrene level in pregnantwomen, Calcium deficiency, caesarean. In multiple linear regression models,there was positivecorrelation between capacity score and education of spouse;there was negative correlationbetween capacity score and urinary 1 - hydroxypyrene level in pregnant women, personal drink,intake of dairy products. In multiple linear regression models,there was positive correlationbetween passive muscle tension score and contraception before this gestation; there was negativecorrelation between passive muscle tension score and urinary 1 - hydroxypyrene level inpregnant women, poor health status of pregnant women,exposure to toxic substances afterpregnant. In multiple linear regression models,there was positive correlation between activemuscle tension score and times of gestation;there was negative correlation between activemuscle tension score and grandparents having nervous system diseases. In multiple linearregression models,there was positive correlation between primitive reflexes score and intake lotsof fruit and vegetables;there was negative correlation between primitive reflexes score andcaesarean,urinary 1 - hydroxypyrene level in pregnant women. In multiple linear regressionmodels,there was positive correlation between general assessment score and1' apgar ratings;therewas negative correlation between general assessment score and urinary 1 - hydroxypyrene levelin pregnant women, caesarean. The correlation between NBNA score and urinary 1 -hydroxypyrene level in pregnant women(R~2=0.226)> the correlation between general assessmentscore and urinary 1 - hydroxypyrene level(R~2=0.068)> the correlation between primitive reflexesscore and urinary 1 - hydroxypyrene level(R~2=0.054)> the correlation between capacity scoreand urinary 1 - hydroxypyrene level (R~2=0.045) >the correlation between passive muscle tensionscore and urinary 1 - hydroxypyrene level(R~2=0.032). 4.The median of Brain-derivedneurotrophic factor levels in cord blood of newborns in Taiyuan was 3.447ng/mL,IR was3.363ng/mL.The median of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in cord blood of newbornsin Changzhi was 2.278ng/mL,IR was 2.318ng/mL. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels incord blood of newborns in Taiyuan were more than that in Changzhi, and there are significantdifferences beween Taiyuan and Changzhi. there was negative correlation between BDNF level and NBNA score, passive muscle tension score, active muscle tension score,general assessmentscore.The correlation of BDNF level and passive muscle tension score >the correlation of BDNFlevel and NBNA score >the correlation of BDNF level and active muscle tension score >thecorrelation of BDNF level and general assessment score. In multiple linear regressionmodels,there was positive correlation between BDNF level and nausea in pregnancy, vomiting inpregnancy,the intake of seafood ,the intake of dairy products,urinary 1 - hydroxypyrene level inpregnant women;there was negative correlation between BDNF level and regular consumption ofanimal foods before pregnancy. ConclusiConclusion 1.Changzhi and Taiyuan are both polluted by coalburning,but the exposure to PAHs in Taiyuan is more than that in Changzhi. 2.Pregnant womenexposure to PAHs in the air during pregnancy will adversely affect neonatal neurobehavioraldevelopment. 3.Which BDNF may be the specail biomarker to indicate that neonatalneurobehavioral development decrease caused by exposure to PAHs in the air duringpregnancy,should be further validation. |
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