| Background and ObjectiveAnterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the key structure of the knee in maintaining stability. Cruciate ligament damage is a common sports injury. In recent years, the incidence of this disease has increased. Because cruciate ligament injury can lead to knee instability; complicate other auxiliary structure damage such as meniscus damage, and because of lacking self-healing ability, the treatment of this disease based mainly on reconstruction. Currently, used in surgical reconstruction of ligament graft can be broadly divided into three types: autos tendon, allograft tendon and artificial tendon. Because the autos tendon is limited and it has complications such as knee pain, knee instability and kneeling difficulty, which is not adapted to rebuild the reconstituted tendon or the sportsman. Artificial tendon may recover of patients with short-term, but it is expensive and can cause chronic synovitis.Along with the technical and disinfection method improved, to provide more allografts which are potential infection-free and no immune rejection has became possible. The process of tendon healing after transplantation is related to the postoperative rehabilitation, long-term efficacy, and even the success or failure of this surgery. Many scholars have done a lot of research about the healing process after autos tendon reconstruction. And most studies focused mainly on the different autos tendon fixation. The reports about the healing process of different braiding autogenous tendon and its changes are fewer.This thesis aims to study different braiding anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with their histology and biomechanics in a rabbit model, observing whether the healing of different braiding ligament is the same, so as to better to guide the clinical rehabilitation of patients.MethodsThe study has been done from July 2008 to November 2008 in the animal experimental center of Zhengzhou University. Twenty-four white New Zealand rabbits were separated into two groups. One group made use of A weaving method; the other group used B weaving method. Models (8 animals) were harvested randomly in 4,8,12weeks after reconstruction. After observing with eyes, 2 samples were acquired from 8 animals each period for histological test, the remnants for biomechanical test.Results1. Macroscopically observing after graft reconstruction: The grafts colors with A weaving method were from gray to white and glazing in 12 weeks after reconstruction, the implants in bone cavities had a little transmutation and looseness. There is little effusion in joint cavities and conglutination was not distinct. The surface of implants had been covered by synovial membrane after 4 weeks. In the twelve week implants all completely overwhelmed with synovial membrane. Changes with B were the same as the A method.2. Histological observing after graft reconstruction: cells in implants vanished, showed putrescence and between hamstring and the tunnel of bone there were some phlogistic cells in the forth week. In the eighth week, there were lots of synovial membrane in the implants surface and some fibroblasts to grow from fringe to center. Furthermore, the inflammatory cells started to decrease. In the twelve week, the implants almost had been substituted by the new cells; the inflammatory cells disappeared and the structures of graft are near to the normal ACL. Although fibroblasts arrayed with clutter, the fiber had certainly longitudinal.3. All data were analyzed by SPSS 11.0. There is no difference between A and B.Conclusion1. Both A and B braiding methods have the same changes in histology.2. The maximum pull force of grafts has increased with time and there is no statistical significance of the maximum pull force between A and B at the same time.3. A and B different braiding methods have little effects to the histological and biomechanical of graft and it cannot be used as one of the main causes of postoperative ligament loosening. |
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