| Taiwan is the biggest island in China. It owns warm climate and rich rainfalls.There are many mountains in the island where there are many special and rare trees.Since 1996, Cunninghamia konishii Hay., Taiwania cryptomerioides Hay.,Chamaecyparis formosensis Matsum., Calocedrus formosana (Florin) Florin, andAlnus forrnosana(Thunb.)Steud, were introduced to Laizhou forest center, MingqingMeigu state-owned forest center from Taiwan in order to enrich the tree species ofafforestation and develop the forest cultivation. The technology of seedling, growthsituation, and cold resistance were studied by arranging the experiments of sowing,breeding, germinating and cutting propagation. After ten years study, Cunninghamiakonishii Hay., Taiwania cryptomerioides Hay. Chamaecyparis formosensis Matsum.,Calocedrus forrnosana (Florin) Florin etc. had been extended in the around town andcity, and the different preserves pattern which is combined with preserve and utilize inthe method of experiment and demonstration have been formed. Up to now, thetechniques of seedling cultivation and afforestation of Cunningharnia konishii Hay.,Taiwania cryptomerioides Hay., Calocedrus formosana (Florin) Florin, and Alnusformosana (Thunb.) Steud. have been summarized through analyzing the stands growthand comprehensive effect.The results of 10 years experiment have indicated that the ratios of germinationwas 32.1～68.8% which were as nearly same as that of source area. The Cunninghamiakonishii Hay., Taiwania cryptomerioides Hay., and Calocedrus formosana (Florin)Florin had more strong resistance than others, so they could survive and grow normallyin the winter. Only the apex of leaves and the germ of Alnus formosana(Thunb.)Steud.were slightly damaged in the winter, however, they could recover from the damagesoon. Now, the most of stands became density and some of them were blossoming andbearing fruit.Cunninghamia konishii Hay. would burn adventitious boot after cuttaged andasseled for 81 days. There is not obvious relationship between the formation ofadventitious boot and callus, because the roots of Cunninghamia konishii Hay. were bum from cutaneous region. The both experiment of horizontal orthogonal and thefactors that models of tassel, the kinds of hormone and the hormone concentrationindicated that lateral branches of two levels of no terminal bud was cuttingshoot.The cutting shoot would exceed 80% after dip in 100mg/kgABT2 for 4h, whichwill improve the footage percentage and the growth of adventitious root. It was knownthrough the simple compare experiment of influence of cutting length, cutting place,cutting foliage and cutting medium that it was better for the growth of Cunninghamiakonishii Hay. that put lateral branch which length 12cm, grew for one year, lignifiedand taken out two thirds needle leafages into yellow subsoil.The cottage experiment of Chamaecyparis fortnosensis Matsum. indicated thathormone type was the major influencing factor that decided the survival of cutting. Sothe choose of hormone type was very important. The survival ratios of every treat weremore than 94%. The biggest survival ratio of cutting was that the cutting was dipped in50mg/kg ABT liquor for 6h. The best treat was that the cutting was dipped in200mg/kg ABT2 for 2h. In practice, the best methods was that the cutting wastreated with lower concentration for longer time or with higher concentration forshorter time.The experiment of Cunninghamia konishii Hay., which was one of the mostimportant five conifer tree species in Taiwan, indicated that there was not obviousrelationship between stand density and the tree height. However, stand density couldobviously affect the diameter, the growth of crown, and the stand volume. Thisexperiment result indicated that proper thin planting was better for the growth ofdiameter and crown of Cunninghamia konishii Hay. stand. The Chinese fir was growquicker than Cunninghamia konishii Hay., but its height was almost equal after 8-9a.the quickest growing period of Cunninghamia konishii Hay., was at after 10a, and thegrowth would exceed the Chinese fir and had great growth potential. The test ofintroduction and forestation Taiwania cryptomerioides Hay. indicated, properly sparsethe forest density was advantageous for the growth of Taiwania cryptomerioides Hay.'shigh and chest diameter in a certain density extension. There were not distinct growth difference between Taiwania cryptomerioides Hay. And Taiwania flousiana Gaussen inDifferent forest densities. The growth of Taiwania cryptomerioides Hay. was a littleadvantage than the growth of Taiwaniaflousiana Gaussen, but the difference was notdistinctness. Both of Chamaecyparis formosensis Matsum. and Calocedrus formosana(Florin) Florin belongs to Cupressaceae, they can be used as tree species of park andwood as they have common characteristics of beauty tree-like, very valuable ornament,strong adaptability, and the strong growth potential. The growth of Alnus formosana(Thunb.) Steud. would exceed to Alnus trabeculosa. The average height and diameterof Alnus formosana (Thunb.) Steud. stand reached to 7.2m and 6.8cm respectively at8a. It was an ideal associated conifer tree species that had a lot of litters every year andgood growth trend. According to the investigation on February in 2006, Alnusformosana (Thunb.) Steud. had abundance root and the quantity of litters was8.5～12.5t/hm~2 with the 2.7% N.Employing the timber anatomy method, compared the main component structuresof Taiwania cryptomerioides Hay. and Taiwania flousiana Gaussen, as well asCunninghamia konishii Hay. and Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. Theanatomy analysis results indicated: the Taiwania cryptomerioides Hay. and Taiwaniaflousiana Gaussen distribution pattern, quantity, cell content, as well as the rayheight, the most cell quantity and density etc were very similar, also the externalshapes had a lot of similarity, they were difficult to distinguish. The study consideredthat it was more reasonable to merge Taiwania cryptomerioides Hay. and Taiwaniaflousiana Gaussen into one tree species. And the anatomy of Cunninghamia konishiiHay. and Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. study indicated: the two treespecies had some different in growth ring constitute, growth layer, cell-pipe shape,cell-pipe's wall and antrum, density, axial thin wall structure, cell character and raycomponent. Through analyzing the studies, we came to a conclusion that it wasreasonable to think Cunninghamia konishii Hay. was a mutation of Cunninghamialanceolata (Lamb.) Hook., which was according to the former research.According to the complete survey and evaluate, four tree species, which introduced from Taiwan, grew well and could be extended in Fujian province. Theywere Cunninghamia konishii Hay., Taiwania cryptomerioides Hay., Chamaecyparisformosensis Matsum., Calocedrus formosana (Florin) Florin and Alnus formosana(Thunb.) Steud., which was not leguminosae but fix Nitrogen species, was the bestassociated tree species in the mixed forest. And the technique of seedlings culture andforestation for five tree species was summarized, which provided a basement for theirapplication in Fujian province in the future. |
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