The Influence Of Urban Road Traffic Facilities To Driving Safety

Road traffic facilities are important factors of traffic safety, which can reduce the severity of the accidents, rule out a variety of vertical and horizontal interference, provide sight inducement. Many practical analyses showed that the unreasonable installations of road traffic facilities will influence the drivers with un-efficient or even wrong guidance which would induce accidents. Vision of driver is the main source obtained from road information. Road traffic information is obtained by visual cognition of traffic facilities. The visual characteristics of driver have a close relatioship with traffic safety. Research on urban road traffic facility installation impacted on visual change of drivers and driving safety is the important means to improve the traffic situation.Bases on introducing the visual characteristics of traffic mark and sign, the static and the dynamic experiments of driving visual behavior were carried out. The influence of traffic facility installation to visual change and safety of driving behavior were studied. The static tests of driving safety behavior were carried through which included visual calibration test of the driver and tests of the reaction time and flicker fusion threshold. Visual calibration test focused on the static analysis visual angle and head angle change of the driver. Test of the reaction time of drivers can be used as a target to make a comprehensive analysis of the physical and mental quality of drivers. Determination flicker fusion threshold can be regarded as key indicator to detect the attention extent and fatigue of drivers. The process of identification and processing of traffic facilities was researched by the road experiments of driving behavior. Through GPS instruments, video collection, visual image processing and survey, the influence of road traffic facilities on visual changes, reaction time, drivers operation of hand and feet were analyzed synthetically in the complex traffic flow.Basic characteristic of the main road traffic flow was analyzed, the impact of the traffic facilities to the main road traffic flow and driving behavior were analyzed by experiment. The testing car with GPS was used to gather the data of traffic parameters, the structure parameters, average delay time and other data within sections on the main roads. The influence of these factors to journey time and travel time were studied.The evaluation of road safety level was proposed by method of gradational coefficients and the safety level evaluation of driving behavior on testing roads were completed. The rational installation of road traffic facilities was explored and the corresponding modified measures of traffic facilities in the main roads were proposed.