Research And Design Of The Express Calorimeter

The quality of different kinds of coal is mainly judged by the amount of heat that it can generate. It's necessary for a coal-consuming company to determine how much heat a certain quantity of coal or petrol can generate. The speed of the instrument makes a great influence on the efficiency of the laboratory technician, and then, the efficiency of the whole company. However, the current calorimeters have their weakness in accuracy, reliability, and speed. In this way, it's necessary to develop a kind of express calorimeter that is of high accuracy, reliability and efficiency.First, the paper introduced the development of calorimeter, the international situation it faced, the significance of studying on it and the existing problems with it. Secondly, it discussed the fundamental theory of the heat measurement, the method by which the heat is measured and its process and formulas. Based on these discussions, it further studied the function of the system and the design principle, then designed and improved the mechanical part of the system and expounded several key components. And finally, it designed the program of both the system's software and hardware, and its software process graph.In oder to make full use of PCI bus resource of modern computer,it focused on the design program of hardware. Here it used a PCI9052 bridging chip to construct ISA bus into PCI bus smoothly. Thus it avoided the original calorimeter's inefficiency in communication without influencing other hardware units. It gived the detailed project and relevant calculation about the accurate inner tub temperature gathering circuit of high resolving power. And at the same time, it explained the circuit design of other hardware of the system.Based on some relevant theory of burning heat basis and burning heat calorimeter system, the paper puted forward a method that adopting an electronic energy demarcating system instead of a Benzoic acid demarcating instrument of heat capacity. First, it gived the thought of the project and the electric-energy collection graph and some relevant calculation. Then on the basis of the experiential data, and with the relative electric energy exchanging factors taken into full consideration, it put forwared the method of Fuzyy class to calculate the conversion factor. And the result proved that the original Benzoic acid demarcating instrument of replaced by the electric-energy demarcating system. It was both environmental friendly and economical, and could be utilized widely with further improvement.On the basis of the quick algorithm of current calorimeters, it posed a dynamic mathematic model according to some thermodynamics theories. In this model, a compound exponential function was used as the fundamental function of the rest heat. With the full consideration of the exchange between the stirrer heat and inner and out tub heat, it reasoned under emulational situation. And comparing the data of the experiment, it drawed a conclusion that the method is of high accuracy, high reliability and adaptive. It will contribute to and be useful for the study and development of more efficient calorimeter.