| The history of chemical power sources was reviewed in this paper, and it was emphasis on investigations of secondary Ni/Zn battery, including its work principle, mostly existent disadvantages and relevant resolvents of them, and its progress and future applied foreground. Effects of electrolyte additives on electrochemical performance and cycle life of Ni/Zn battery were studied by charge-discharge test. Chemical composition of calcium zincate synthesized by chemo-synthesis method was characterized by results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis, and granularity of the sample was analyzed,as well as surface morphology of calcium zincate power exhibited by SEM. Electrochemical performances of calcium zincate were examined by cyclic voltammetry and charge-discharge test. Research on bonds for zinc electrode and cathode were carried out by electrochemical test. With testing performance of assembled sealed Ni/Zn battery, influence of inhibitors on zinc electrode was studied. Charge and discharge properties and ektexine's temperature rise of Ni/Zn battery were also tested.Study on four different kinds of electrolytes showed that discharge time at 1C rate of batteries employed KOH with citric acid, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, or saturated with zinc oxide and indium oxide together respectively was longer than battery employed KOH saturated with zinc oxide. A better electrochemical property of battery applied KOH saturated with zinc oxide and indium oxide together was exhibited.Calcium zincate was prepared by chemo-synthesis method. Its chemical composition, Ca(OH)2·2Zn(OH)2·2H2O was verified by X-ray powder diffraction pattern and weight loss in thermogravimetric analysis. Granularity analysis showed that the sample granularity of calcium zincate was close to normal school and the size of granule was distributed equably. The inerratic fine particles of sample was displayed by SEM. Cyclic voltammetric study on powder electrode and test on simulated Ni/Zn battery showed the material of calcium zincate had good reversibility and excellent electrochemical performances. Comparing to different kinds of bonds for zinc electrode, the length order of discharge time at 1C rate was as follow: (SBR+CMC), (PTFE+CMC) and (PTFE+HPMC). Study on cathode showed that cycle life and charge-discharge performance of battery whose cathode was adulterated with zinc were inferior to those of adulterated with cadmium.In this experiment, effects of zinc electrode inhibitors on sealed Ni/Zn battery were studied principally by charge-discharge test.Study on zinc electrodes with inorganic oxide inhibitors indicated, lead oxide and mercury oxide enhanced electrochemical properties of Ni/Zn battery. Adding indium oxide, bismuth oxide and stannous oxide into zinc electrodes respectively can improve Ni/Zn battery performance at a certain extent. However, high charge-discharge efficiency and a long cycle life of battery employed zinc electrode containing three metal oxides above together were exhibited.Organic inhibitors were originally added into zinc anodes in this experiment. Research indicated that charge-discharge efficiency of sealed Ni/Zn battery employed zinc electrode with organic inhibitors, as well as cycle life, was advanced. Furthermore, it was revealed that battery discharge capability retention was also promoted in self-discharge test.Assembled sealed Ni/Zn battery with optimized zinc electrode was tested. Its good electrochemical performance was exhibited in charge-discharge tests at various rates and different temperatures. The results of ektexine's temperature rise of sealed Ni/Zn battery showed that inner temperature of battery raised little without overcharge, while overcharge, temperature rise was accelerated. |
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