Analyze On Spatial Distribution Characteristics And Content Of Soil Heavy Metal In Ping Shou Mining Area

In the process of coal production, emission of coal gangue and coal ash and other wastes may cause soil heavy metal pollution, destroy the natural environment and ecological system in mining periphery area, effect the soil environment quality,lead to the decline in crop yields,threaten human life safety. This paper takes Ping Shuo open mining area as an example, analyzes the statistics of seven kinds of soil heavy metals As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn, based on the theory of geostatistics and GIS analysis the spatial variability of soil heavy metals, uses Spatial interpolation methods to simulate spatial distribution characteristics, take the judgment of its pollution status, and discusses the soil heavy metals characteristics in different types of land use and reclamation age, finally discusses the relationship between soil heavy metals and soil physical and chemical properties, in order to provide a reference for the distribution of soil heavy metals and soil environmental quality monitoring in actual production. The main results of the study are as follows:(1)Soil heavy metal elements within research area are in large difference on spatial variability. Among them, the Hg element in natural soil around the mining areas and in mining soil exhibits strong variability, As, Cd, Cu, Zn elements reflect moderate variability, Cr and Pb elements show weak variability. This indicates that human activities take strong interference effect on the spatial distribution of Hg in the study area.(2)All of heavy metals in the study area shows moderate spatial correlation, indicating the spatial distribution of heavy metals is effected by the combination of anthropogenic and natural factors. Among them, the spatial variability of As, Cr, Hg and Pb elements is mainly composed of random factors, and the spatial variability of Cu and Zn elements is mainly affected by natural and regional environment factors in study area, and human activities also have a certain influence on their distribution.(3)The distribution of heavy metals is inhomogeneous in study area.The content of heavy metals is high in neighborhoods surrounding mining area and relatively low in the original landscape. The content of heavy metals in Antaibao South dump is lower than several other dumps. Cu and Zn content is moderate in study area, and As, Cd, Cr, Hg and Pb are enriched mildly, there are external pollution sources.(4)For the natural soil in the study area, the content of Cr、Cd、Hg and Zn changed largely in different land usetypes;For the reclamation soil,only Cd and Zn changed largely in different land usetypes,the content of other heavy metal elements changed a little.(5)The changes of the content of heavy metal in reclamation soil in the study area did not show a regularity,with the increase of the reclamation time.(6)Different soil properties has different effect on the content of soil heavy metals. Among them, P and available P have closer relationship with the content of soil heavy metals.