Research Of Biodiesel Preparation From Xanthoceras Sorbifolia Kernel Oil And Cottonseed Oil

Petroleum and coal resources have been vanishing recently, which is seriously restricting socio-economic development and threatening the peace of the world. At the same time, serious environmental problems existed in traditional resources. So the research and development of new energy become a strategic focus of the researching production of all countries. Biodiesel is being paid more attention because of renewable materials. The characteristics of biodiesel owns some advantages, such as lack of sulfur and aroma hydrocarbon, rich of oxygen, high cetane value and high flash point, less hazardous exhaust gas. Synthesizing biodesel from cottonseed and Xanthoceras sorbifolia oil with KOH as catalysts was studied. At the same time, cottonseed biodiesel was prepared under ultrasonic wave and microwave.It's physical and chemical characteristics and fatty acid composition of cottonseed and Xanthoceras sorbifolia oil that become the key point of replacing resource for petroleum and coal resources. The results of GC-MS and other tests showed that the cottonseed and Xanthoceras sorbifolia oil mainly contented 16-18C. Cottonseed and Xanthoceras sorbifolia oil were ideal for alternative fuel subatitution due to molecular structure of its product was similar to disesl. Using cottonseed and Xanthoceras sorbifolia oil as raw material, KOH as catalyst, through orthogonal analysis, the optimum conditions of cottonseed oil as raw material were as follows: molar ratio of methanol to oil 6.5:1, catalyst dosage 1.1%, reaction temperature 45℃and reaction time 40 min and the conversion rate reached 96.05%. The optimum conditions of Xanthoceras sorbifolia oil as raw material were as follows: molar ratio of methanol to oil 6:1, catalyst dosage 0.8%, reaction temperature 65℃and reaction time 75 min and the conversion rate reached 90.83%.Ultrasonic reaction equipment was designed and the effects of ultrasonic energy on the transesterification of cottonseed oil with methanol to biodiesel were investigated primarily. Results of quadratic regression orthogonal rotating design showed that the sequential factors affecting on degumming of cottonseed oil were molar ratio of methanol to oil, catalyst dosage, duty cycle and reaction time.The regression model obtained via SAS software for the degumming process was:Y1 = 95.90667 + 0.015833X₁ + 0.660833X₂ + 2.228333X₃-0.045X₄- 0.709167X₁²-0.5925X₁X₂ + 0.78X₁X₃-0.1X₁X₄-1.334167X₂²-2.975X₂X₃-0.045X₂X₄-1.870417X₃² +0.085X₃X₄+0.709583X₄² The optimal conditions were molar ratio of methanol to cottonseed oil was 6.5:1, reaction time was 20min, duty cycle was 28% and catalyst dosage was 0.9%, the yields of biodiesel could reach 97.35%. Compared to the transesterification of mechanical stirring, the reaction time was shortened from 40min to 20min. It's implied that emulsification and reaction enhancement of ultrasonic outfield cooperated well on improving the transesterification reaction.The biodiesel was prepared by transesterification reaction assisted with microwave. The effect of the mole ratio of methanol to oil, catalyst dosage, reaction time and microwave power on transesterification were researched. Through orthogonal analysis, the optimum conditions were as follows: molar ratio of methanol to oil 9:1, catalyst dosage 1.0%, reaction time 3 min and microwave power 360 w. The conversion rate was more than 94.47% under the optimum conditions.The physical and chemical characteristics of the biodiesel prepared by cottonseed and Xanthoceras sorbifolia oil were analyzed. The results met the quality criteria of the biodiesel produced from cottonseed oil and Xanthoceras sorbifolia oil meet the same standards 0#diesel and EN14214 of Europe.