A Study On Conversion Of Farmland To Forestland Or Grassland And Regional Sustainable Development

The policy of western China development is an important decision of the sixteenth NPC to realize the target of complete construction of a comfortably-off society. As a typical co-existing area of economic under-development and ecological deterioration, the western China is not only a backward area of rural economy and peasantry low-revenue, but also an area of severe soil erosion and land desertification. Since the project of western China development has been put in practice, to counter the situation of total deterioration with partial improvement of national environment, our country put forward some seven important projects, including the project of natural forest protection, the project of conversion of farmland to forestland or grassland, and the harnessing of the desertification around Beijing and Tianjin area and etc. Among which, the project of conversion of farmland to forestland or grassland is a key measure of reversing the trend of eco-environmental deterioration and a starting point of ecological reconstruction in north China—an area of farming tangled with herding.The Banner of Hexigten lies in a region with a frail ecological system in the west of Chifeng city, Inner Mongolia. For a long time, an extensive mode of production with a large-scale of destroying forestland and grassland for farming use has been shaped up, which leads to the severe desertification by wind erosion, therefore does a great damage to the ecological environment. As a result, the deterioration of ecological environment is severely restricting the development of local economy. As a matter of fact, the project of conversion of farmland to forestland or grassland has become a key method to reverse the tendency of environmental deterioration and an only way to take to keep sustainable development. The standpoints of the thesis are as following:1 , The soil erosion and land desertification in Hexigten due to man-made reasons, such as over-cultivation.2 , Under the drive of short- term benefits and the concept of current official achievements, the governmental behavior distorts. During the process of conversion of...