Study On Formulation And Process Technology For Low Load Tallow Powdered Oil

Powdered oil was a kind of granular products which oil (solid oil, semi-solid oil, liquidoil) as base material, added protein, carbohydrates, emulsifiers, gums etc excipients which canform a membrane component. It was made by using microencapsulation to high pressurehomogeneous and spray drying. Tallow with reasonable fatty acid composition and highnutritional value, developing tallow powdered oil products have good market prospects. Inthis paper, tallow as the core material, yak milk casein sodium, maltodextrin, glucose syrupand glues as the main wall material, using anionic emulsifiers and nonionic emulsifierscompound, for raw materials and dosage, emulsion, homogeneous, spray drying conditionsand finished product oxidation resistance, trans fatty acid content and ultrastructure of20%,30%,40%tallow powdered oil were studied and obtained powdered oil products with thebetter emulsion stability, rehydration, dispersibility and long shelf life. The main researchresults were as follows:1. The basic formula of powdered oil with different load tallow amountsFor raw materials of Carbohydrates (Chitosan, Glucose syrup, β-cyclodextrin, OSAmodified starch, MD), protein (Sodium Caseinate, CS, SPI), gums (Xanthan gum,Carrageenan, Arabic gum, CMC, Sodium alginate) etc, by single factor and Orthogonalexperiments to determine the optimum compositions.The basic formula of20%tallow powdered oil: MD and glucose syrup ratio of3:1andthe dosage of67.5%, Sodium Caseinate dosage of3.5%,3.0%dosage of Arabic gum; Thebasic formula of30%tallow powdered oil: MD and glucose syrup ratio of5:1and the dosageof65%, Sodium Caseinate dosage of3.5%,2.5%dosage of Arabic gum; The basic formula of40%tallow powdered oil: MD and glucose syrup ratio of5:1and the dosage of56.5%,Sodium Caseinate dosage of4.0%,2.75%dosage of Arabic gum. In addition, adding amoderate amount anti-caking agent: Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and Sodiumtripolyphosphate in different load tallow formulations.2. Types and dosage of emulsifierFor raw materials and dosage of non-ionic emulsifiers (GMS and SE-11, SE-13, SE-15),anionic emulsifiers (DATEM, CITREM, SSL), by single factor and Orthogonal experiment todetermine the optimum compositions.The composition and dosage for emulsifier of20%tallow powdered oil: GMS0.15%, SE-130.42%, CITREM0.50%; the composition anddosage for emulsifier of30%tallow powdered oil: GMS0.30%, SE-130.60%, CITREM0.70%; the composition and dosage for emulsifier of40%tallow powdered oil: GMS0.65%, SE-130.65%, CITREM0.60%.3. Total solids concentrationBy single factor experiment, determined the total solids concentration of20%,30%,40%tallow powdered oil were35%,35%,30%, respectively.4. Conditions of emulsification and homogenizationOptimized the conditions of emulsification and homogeneous, the test results showedthat under the conditions of emulsifying temperature70℃, emulsifying time20min, therotational speed of shearing machine8000r/min, homogeneous pressure30Mpa, theemulsifying stability of20%tallow powdered oil was99.90%; under the conditions ofemulsifying temperature70℃, emulsifying time15min, the rotational speed of shearingmachine9000r/min, homogeneous pressure30Mpa, the emulsifying stability of30%tallowpowdered oil was99.80%; under the conditions of emulsifying temperature75℃, emulsifyingtime20min, the rotational speed of shearing machine9000r/min, homogeneous pressure35Mpa, the emulsifying stability of40%tallow powdered oil was98.83%.5. Spray drying parametersThe spray drying parameters were optimized by using the Box-Behnken design. Theresults suggested that under the conditions of200.6℃,204.2℃,199.3℃spray dryer inlettemperature,99.0℃,101.7℃,99.2℃spray dryer outlet temperature,15.0ml/min,15.9ml/min,20.5ml/min material flow, respectively, the embedding ratio of20%,30%,40%tallowpowdered oil were94.14%,93.16%,89.27%, respectively.6. Moisture content, TFA content, POV valueThe moisture content of20%,30%,40%tallow powdered oil were2.20%,2.17%,2.15%,TFA percentage of total fatty acids were0.027%,0.092%,0.086%, respectively. The testsshowed that the moisture content and the TFA content conform to the requirement of nationalstandard. At the conditions of accelerating oxidation12days, the POV value of30%tallowpowdered oil was2.53meq/kg which was lower10.51meq/kg compared with raw tallow.7. Finished granules ultrastructureThe results showed by SEM that finished granules ultrastructure display spherical,surface structural integrity, dense, no cracks, grain size is even, indicated the embeddingeffect is better. But for larger oil adhesion between particles of40%tallow powdered oil.