Analysis Of Effect Factors To Breaking Crude Heavy Oil Emulsion And Studied On It’s Mechanism

As the droping of the oil production and the growth of energy demand, the mining andproduction of thick oil is becoming more and more important.In the process of thick oilrecovery and refining, demulsification of emulsion is an essential link.Therefore, the study ofaffect factors to breaking thick oil emulsion will lower the cost of resources..In this paper,asphaltene、colloid and acidic components sample was separated from Liaohe Shuguangheavy oil.and inspects the influence of asphaltene、colloid、acidic components and ions ondemulsification of Liaohe heavy oil emulsion.Determination of the dehydration rate、the viscosity of emulsions and the interfacial tension.The result confirmed that the presence of Mg2+、Ca2+and Br-could effectively enhance the demulsification efficiency at lower concentrations,Na+、Cl-almost have no effect on emulsion demulsification,and K+and HCO3-has certain inhibitory effect ondemulsification..For the same inorganic salt, dehydration rate of emulsion is high when oil-water interfacial tension is low,but there without this rule between different inorganic salt.Interfacial tension represent the degree of interfacial adsorption about demulsifier,it is not the decisive factor of emulsion demulsification.With the increase of colloid and asphaltene content, emulsion of ultra-heavy oildehydration rates were reduced and viscosity were low.When it contains more than2.1%asphaltene or more than31%colloid, emulsion of heavy oil in demulsification is quite elusive.With the resin and asphaltene content increases,wetting ability of oil-water becomes better,the time of single drop rupture rate of100%in the system gradually increases,the strength ofoil-water interface film significantly enhanced.The increases of acidic components content will prevent crude oil emulsion breaking.When it contains2.25%acidic components, the viscosity of crude oil was212.3mPa·s, When it contains attain2.65%acidic components, he viscosity of crude oil riseto1452mPa·s.With the resin acidic components content increased, wetting ability becomes better,the stability of the emulsion enhances;At the same temperature,with the acidic components content increases, the strength of oil-water interface film significantly enhanced.