Study On The Ecological Environment Impact In Rural Land Consolidation

As an important means of cultivated land protection and economicdevelopment, land consolidation plays a rather vital role in achieving optimalallocation of land resources, supplementing cultivated land occupied byconstruction, improving the condition of agricultural production, and ensuringnational grain and ecological security. The impacts of land consolidation onecological environment attracts more and more attention with the workcarried out. Thus, the primary goal of land consolidation changes from merelyincreasing the amount of cultivated land, to both increasing the amount offarmland and improving the quality of cultivated land and ecologicalenvironment at the same time. Since the exploration not only aligns with thegoal of land consolation, but also is the prerequisite of promoting intensiveand economic use of land resources, improving ecological environment andachieving sustainable development of society, economy and ecology, it is ofgreat theoretical and practical significance to explore the impacts of landconsolidation on ecological environment,This thesis based on Inner Mongolia Natural Science Fund Project “thestudy of the stability of Hohhot ecological environment under the pattern ofland use(2012MS0623)” and Inner Mongolia land and Resources DepartmentProject “Helingeer County Land remediation planning（2011-2015）”，focuses on the study of the plain terrain in western Helingeer County, InnerMongolia, because the land consolidation projects in this area are relativelyconcentrated during the past ten years. The paper analyses the characteristicof changes in land utilizing structure, land quality and landscape pattern ofland utilization in this area before and after land consolidation from2004to2012. Then the paper establishes an evaluation system based on the naturaland economic status of this area and with reference to Technical Criterion forEco-environmental Status Evaluation (SEPA,2006). And the evaluationsystem is verified by applying it to the analysis of the study area. What’s more,the impacts of this area’s land consolidation projects on ecological environment is analyzed and predicted by using GIS software analysis methodand landscape ecology model method.The following4aspects are the research results and conclusions of thisthesis:(1) The thesis takes a comparative analysis of land utilizing changesbefore and after the consolidation. In land utilizing structure aspect, the totalamount of cultivated land increased3045.29hectare after the consolidation.Land consolidation changes some dry land into irrigable land, and the totalamount of irrigable land increased7831.59hectare. All types of lands havechanged after the consolidation, garden plot and forest land reduced to someextent, and grassland sharply reduced. In the land quality aspect, the thesisanalyzed from the natural grade, utilizing grade and comprehensive grade,and indicated that the cultivated quality of each grade is enhanced. So theoverall quality of cultivated land is improved. The effect of consolidation isclear. From the aspect of land utilization landscape pattern, the number ofpatches is increased after consolidation, and the average patch area reduced.Although the distribution of landscapes is more uneven, the proportion oflandscape of cultivated land increased and the landscape dominance wasclearer.(2)The thesis built eco-environment evaluation system impact after landconsolidation. Referring to Technical Criterion for Eco-environment StatusEvaluation (SEPA,2006) and based on the natural and economic status inresearch area, the author chooses biological diversity index, vegetationcoverage index, water network density index, land suitability index andStalinization index to build eco-environment evaluation system impact afterland consolidation.(3)Land consolidation promotes the improvement of farmlandeco-environment in research area. After the comparative study of theeco-environment status before and after the consolidation in research area,every choosing evaluation index is enhanced. Especially the degree of landStalinization is greatly decreased, it is90.93before consolidation and it reduce to47.91after the consolidation. The land Stalinization index decreased43.02. The level of suitability is enhanced in large, it is54.71beforeconsolidation and it rises to79.42after the consolidation. Biological diversityindex is77.98before consolidation and it rises to79.02after theconsolidation，Level of environmental quality is excellent; Water networkdensity index is0.008before consolidation and it rises to0.014after theconsolidation; Vegetation coverage index is76.10before consolidation and itrises to79.33after the consolidation; The eco-environment condition index is47.47before consolidation and it rises to61.93after the consolidation. Theauthor finds that after the consolidation the overall eco-environment changesfrom ordinary to good, Thus the land is more suitable for cultivating the cropsand is more advantage to agricultural production. The consolidation enhancesthe level of irrigation and improves the conditions of agricultural production.(4) The improvement of eco-environment is the most obvious in landconsolidation project area. Take the project area as an example; theeco-environment condition index is47.25before consolidation and it rises to52.62after the consolidation. The eco-environment condition index increased5.73. The quality of eco-environment apparently gets better. Vegetationcoverage index is the most prominent change among the indexes of evaluationsystem. Because land consolidation changes the unutilized land and scatteredgrassland into cultivated land, the cultivated land area increases. Thus, landconsolidation enhances the utilization of land resources in project area.(5) The eco-environment in research area will be greatly enhanced in theend of project. According to the final consolidation project objective of landconsolidation in research area, the thesis makes a predictive analysis of theinfluences on eco-environment at the end of project. In the final of project, theeco-environment condition is well in research area. The eco-environmenteffect changes clearly. The biology diversity index and vegetationcoverage are getting better: the A-level eco-environment condition, highvegetation coverage, rich biologic diversity and steady ecosystem.There are a lot of methods and study systems in evaluating the eco-environment and ecological benefit after land consolidation. This thesisbuilds the evaluation system under the request of national technical criterion.Although the evaluation result is good, and the system and result hassignificance in popularizing the similar environment evaluation of regionalland consolidation, there are still some questions existing in this system due tothe complexity of environment effect elements. So this evaluation still needsto be improved.