Analysis On The Changing And Reason Of The Salt Lake Surface Water Area In The Qaidam Basin Since Recent 20 Years

The paper is based on the 1992-2013 TM and ETM remote sensing images of five periods and 40 landscape as the source of data, combined with the indoor remote sensing interpretation combined with field investigation, to investigate the status of Qaidam Basin the mainly Salt Lakes and monitoring the changes of Salt Lakes. Research focuses on the relationship between data in Salt Lake area change and climate change, and tries to discuss the impact of climate change on dynamic change of Qaidam Basin in Salt Lake area, in order to provide basic data and reference for the analysis of the mainly Salt Lake water changes and Salt Lake resources development state in the Qaidam Basin.The collection of the existing data of the Salt Lake, meteorological data, through remote sensing image pre processing, and topographic maps, field survey data and other data source data in this paper. According to the spectral characteristics of typical objects in the region, analyzed the spectral characteristics of the Saline Lake water, Yantian. To determine the optimal band combination to extract the required information, establish the remote sensing interpretation of lake water and yantian, combining with the wild field survey data, to extract object information. Human-computer interactive interpretation on the Salt Lake water, Yantian and other information by using GIS Technology. And drawing the map the change in every Salt Lake lake surface water. On the basis of the interpretation results, mainly analyzes the changes of the water area of Salt Lake, on the driving factors of the Salt Lake water changes, so as to provide basic data and reference for the analysis of the mainly the Salt Lake water changes and Salt Lake resources development state in the Qaidam Basin.On the changes of the 14 Saline Lake in recent 20 years were analyzed, each Saline Lake lake surface water had the increasing or shrinking trend. The results show that:(1)The surface water of Salt Lake total area is reduced continuously in the study period, a total reduction of 412.9km2.(2)Each of the Salt Lake surface water changes are different, of which there are 6 Saline Lake is shrinking, the other 8 are expansion.(3)Through the analysis there are a certain relationship of temperature, precipitation, average wind speed, average relative humidity and human activities with the lake surface water area change. The temperature and rainfall influence on the lake surface water area change roles in different regions vary, specifically: central Saline Lake lake surface water area obviously with the precipitation quantity increased, and in Eastern and Western Qaidam Basin and the precipitation in the Saline Lake lake surface water area in the basin is not obvious; the Western as temperatures rise, lake surface water area is shrinking, while the eastern and central region of the Saline Lake lake surface water is as temperatures rise showing an increasing trend; regional average wind speed and average relative humidity and the basin of Saline Lake lake surface water relationship is consistent, an increase in the average wind speed, the Saline Lake lake surface water area shrinking; and the average relative humidity has the opposite effect, the average relative humidity increases, the Saline Lake lake surface water area expansion. In addition, the intensification of human activities on the impact of Saline Lake lake surface water change is significant, the magnitude of the change is more obvious than that of no human development in Saline Lake before the severe resource.