Analysis On Species Diversity, Point Pattern And Ecological Niche Of Desert Plants In Ebinur

The exploration on plant species diversity, ecological niche and point pattern provide basis for resources protection and utilization of desert plant. In this article, typical vegetation communities and soil in Ebinur wetland were investigated, using diversity index, richness index, evenness index, Ripley’s K(r), L(r) functions to study plant species diversity, landscape and ecological niche of desert plants. The results are as follows:(1) Based on importance, the 30 investigated typical community are classified into 9 typical communities, they are populus euphratica community, Populus euphratica community, Haloxylo ammodendron community, Tamarix chinensis community, Reaumuria songarica community, Alhagi sparsifolia community, Apocynum venetum community, Kalidium foliatum community, Phragmites australis community,and Seriphidium kaschgaricum community.(2) The comparison of the richness between the communities is: Tamarix chinensis community=Phragmites australis community>Haloxylo ammodendron community > Populus euphratica community>Reaumuria songarica community>Kalidium foliatum community>Apocynum venetum community>Alhagi sparsifolia community> Seriphidium kaschgaricum community; The comparison of the dominance between the communities is: Seriphidium kaschgaricum community>Alhagi sparsifolia community>Populus euphratica community>Apocynum venetum community>Reaumuria songarica community> Haloxylo ammodendron community>Phragmites australis community>Tamarix chinensis community; The comparison of the community diversity between communities is: Tamarix chinensis community>Phragmites australis community> Haloxylo ammodendron community>Reaumuria songarica community>Kalidium foliatum community>Populus euphratica community>Apocynum venetum community> Alhagi sparsifolia community> Seriphidium kaschgaricum community; The comparison of the uniformity between the communities is: Reaumuria songarica community>Tamarix chinensis community>Alhagi sparsifolia community>Kalidium foliatum community>Haloxylo ammodendron community> Apocynum venetum community> Seriphidium kaschgaricum community>Phragmites australis community> Populus euphratica community.(3) As for point pattern, principal plants in the ebinur lake desert are gathering distributed, while with the increase of scale it shows the tendency of random distribution. Populus euphratica, as the sole arbor community in the study area, play a leading role in the whole ecosystem; in Shrub community, Tamarix chinensis and Haloxylo ammodendron is more competitive then other species, they are evenly distributed in herbosacommunity, and randomly distributed with the enlargement of scale. Plant communities in ebinur desert ecosystem are positively associated, but not significant.(4) There are 3 niche breadth of the gradient in the ebinur lake area of desert plants, the gradient: the species of Nitraria sibirica and Apocynum venetum, these species are widely distributed, it means the largest ecological niche of these 2 species of plant’s capability to adapt to arid areas; The second gradient, wood species of populus euphratica, Haloxylo ammodendron, Tamarix chinensis, Reaumuria songarica, Karelinia caspia, Alhagi sparsifolia, Halimodendron halodendron, Kalidium foliatum, Glycyyrhiza uralensis and Phragmites australis, the species of ecological niche breadth value of these plants is large, between the gradient and the second gradient, these plants are also widely distributed, with strong capability to adapt to the environment; Gradient: 3 species only for Halocnemum strobilaceum, which is less distributed in the study area, and it has poor adaptability to environment.(5) It is obtained by niche overlap in moisture, total salt, organic matter, pH of the four ecological dimension, the overlap between most species value is very high, 0.6-1.0 range overlap value by more than 50% of the total amount, shows that there is a strong competition for resources between desert plants.