Study And Implementation On A Mobile Target Tracking Strategy In Mobile Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network techniques have been promoted by the development of sensor technique, wireless communication technique, micro electronic technology and increasing maturity of micro electronic mechanism system. Coverage is vital and also fundamental in wireless sensor networks'research and applications, and has great influence on performance of the networks. Target tracking is an important application in wireless sensor networks. How to detect the target more comprehensively and more accurately and how to use less energy in order to prolong the lifetime of the network are the main research dimensions of target tracking.In order to detect the target more comprehensively and more accurately when we make use of sensor nodes for target tracking, we need to increase the network coverage to a certain extent in order to ensure that when the target moves in the monitor region, there are enough nodes can detect the target. It is not a good idea by increasing the number of nodes to enhance the level of coverage, because the excessive number of nodes will not only create too many redundant information, and increase the waste of networks energy, but also if a certain nodes fail when energy depleted, the level of network coverage also will reduce. We should design a scheme which can improve network coverage and will not waste too much energy. In the process of target tracking, most of the energy consumed in the construction of data routing and data transmission, in order to reduce these energy consumption, we should design a more reasonable scheme for routing construction and data transmission.This thesis first reviewed the existing energy efficient routing scheme as well as regional coverage and target tracking related technologies in wireless sensor networks. Then presented definition of the problem we will study. For the problem of low networks coverage when the nodes are free distributed in the mobile sensor networks, we studied the conditions of optimal distribution of nodes for achieving ideal regional complete coverage, and proposed a scheme which uses the mobility of nodes to approximately realize complete coverage. By analysing the characteristics of energy consumption in the process of target tracking, we proposed a routing construction and data collection scheme based on the trajectory of the target, and by alternate establishment of single tree and double trees, greatly reduced energy consumption for target tracking.