Research On The Clustering Structure Of Energy Efficiency In Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) is a self-organized wireless sensor networks which is formed by a sensor densely arranged and randomly distributed. The aim of the network is to perceive, collect and process information of the perceptual objects existed in the network coverage of the geographic area and issued to the observers. Combined with sensor technology, distributed information processing technology, embedded computing technology and wireless communications network technology, WSN enjoys a wide application prospect in military, environment, industry and home areas.Among various wireless sensor network protocols, the clustering method has been proved to be convenient in topology management and high energy efficiency and simple in data fusion. All clustering algorithms practically follow the principle that they use few nodes as cluster heads, and then divide the rest nodes into a number of clusters which also belong to these cluster heads.The paper makes a research on the following aspects.Firstly, the paper studies the clustering algorithm of WSN. It has made a deep analysis on the existing clustering technology in WSN and made a detailed analysis and comparison on some classical clustering algorithms. Then the paper points out the differences and similarities of their characteristics and efficiency.Secondly, based on the classical algorithms, the paper puts forward a distributed algorithm of dual cluster head technique based on the parameters used for electing CHs (DPEC). Taken the residual energy ratio between each cluster head and its neighbor node as a parameter, this algorithm selects a main cluster head to be responsible for managing its nodes and integrate and rout forwarding the collected data. Then it selects a vice cluster head to be in charge for data's routing transaction and reduce energy consumption. Meanwhile, it can solve the distribution and "hot spots" problems, balance network load. By means of experiments in the simulation platform of MATLAB, it proves that the theoretical and experimental values of DPEC coincide with each other. In large-scale network deployment, DPEC can extend network's lifespan effectively.