Research On Routing Protocol Based On The Ant Colony Algorithm For VANET

Under the national strategy of developing Internet of things, more and more non-traditional networks have become attracted. Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET), as a new form of wireless network, became more and more popular in people's life. VANET is the most promising application of the intelligence transportation area. Based on some in-depth research of the characters of the VANET and the model of the movement of the vehicles were done in the thesis, the ant colony algorithm has been utilized into the routing protocol. In addition, the shortness of ant colony algorithm was analyzed in the thesis, such as the problem of path searching stagnation and the problem of pheromone update. After that, this thesis developed an advanced ant colony algorithm by bringing entropy theory into it. Furthermore, the advanced ant colony algorithm was adapted into VANET routing protocol. At last, emulated the improved routing algorithm with simulators, verified the effectiveness and feasibility of algorithm.The main content of the thesis is summarized as follows.①Analyzed the features of VANET and the key evaluation of VANET routing protocol. Illustrated the traditional vehicle mobility models and analyzed the relative merits of each mobility model.②Stuied the principle of ant colony algorithm, selectively analyzed the multi-Agent coordination and the mechanism of positive feedback of the algorithm. On this basis, explained the connection points between VANET and the ant colony algorithm. Cited two examples of ad hoc routing protocol which are based on the ant colony algorithm .③Proposed an advanced ant colony algorithm which is named E-ACO. The new algorithm made the mechanism of pheromone update better via the application of comentropy which is been used to measure indeterminacy. Analyzed the effectiveness and the convergence of E-ACO, and compared with two traditional pheromone renewal mechanisms through mathematical experiments. The conclusion of experiment shows E-ACO has a shorter convergence time and better ability of self-adaptivity.④Adapted the E-ACO algorithm into VANET routing protocol. Because of the high mobility of nodes in VANET, the mechanism of positive feedback of the traditional will be invalid. When a node with high density pheromone departs from VANET, it may cause the partial of network fall into abeyance. The E-ACO based routing algorithm maintains a rapid convergence time and steady low-delay between end to end.⑤Simulated this router alogrithm under the union of NS-2 and Sumo. Analyzed the experimental result, furthermore compared the experiment result with the traditional routing protocols. It concludes that the improved routing algorithm has better performance in the folloing indicators, the delivery rate of packets,the routing overhead and the delay between end to end.