Study On Geographical Routing Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks

With the development of micro-electronic technology, computer science, wireless communication, WSNs (wireless sensor network) has been presented at the end of the 20th century. WSNs has many advantages over traditional sensor network. It has a wide range of applications in many areas such as military, industrial and agricultural production.The main content of this paper is the design of routing protocol in wireless sensor networks. In many scenarios, nodes will have to rely on a limited supply of energy (using batteries), energy need to be considered as a major factor in the design of routing protocol. The key of designing WSNs routing protocol is to reduce and balance the overall energy consumption in the network and to maximize the lifetime of the network.A new grid-based geographical routing protocol is proposed for the energy consumption of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) which are of high density, which is based on GPSR protocol. The new protocol partition the monitoring area into grids using GAF algorithm, and then turning off non-leader nodes to reduce energy consumption. Grid partition, sleeping mechanism and routing are designed and optimized. By the simulation, the capabilities and routing protocol overhead of the protocol affected by the grid size are analyzed, and it is compared with the GPSR protocol, the result shows that GBSR is a high-efficient routing protocol.