A Study On The Management System And System Of Occupational Health Standards In Australia

ObjectivesThis study puts forward countermeasures and suggestion in order to further improve the Chinese occupational health standard management system and standard system, by studying occupational health standard management system and standard system in Australia, and comparing with China.MethodsThe study’ methods are systematic literature review method (access to network data, literature database, related monographs, etc), comparative study method and expert consultation method. It systematically summarizes and compares occupational health standard management system and standard system in Australia and in China, and puts forward countermeasures and suggestion in order to further improve the Chinese occupational health standard management system and standard system.ResultsAltogether the study has consulted 175materials about occupational health standard management system and standard system in Australia. It includes 41 official announcements & reportings,8 laws and regulations,109 standards,15 literatures, and 2 books.The results of systematic literature review show that a harmonised work health and safey laws across Australia is established by implementing Model Work Health and Safety laws. The states enacted or passed their own Work Health and Safety laws According to the harmonised work health and safey laws. For the laws to be legally binding it needs to be enacted or passed by Parliament in each jurisdiction. And Governmenthas responsibility for regulating work health and safety lawsin each jurisdiction. Development and management bodies of Occupational health and safety standards are Safe Work Australiaand Standards Australia International Limited.Safe Work Australia is an independent Australian Government statutory agency. It is jointly funded by the Commonwealth, state and territory governments. It enacts the occupational health and safety standardsin the form of Model Codes of Practice and National Guidance material. Standards Australia International Limited is the nation’s peak non-government, not-for-profit Standards organisation, and mainly responsible for researching and developing Australia Standards. Work health and safetyregulatorshave responsibility for regulatingwork health and safety laws and standards in the federal, state and territory. Australian Occupational health and safety standards mainly consist ofModel Codes of Practice, National Guidance material, National Standards and Australia Standards. They are recommended standards. These standards are mandatory after it is referenced or adopted by laws and regulations in the federal, state and territory. It will generally be referenced or adoptedIf it has been accepted widely. The national legal standards such as Model Codes of Practice, National Guidance materials andNational Standards, include basic explanation, general risk management, harmful factors risk management of chemical hazards, physical hazards, ergonomic hazards and psychosocial hazards, prevention and response, specific populations and so on. Australian Standards includeOccupational Noise Management, methods for examination of workplace atmospheres, occupational health & safety risk, human resources and employment, risk management, industrial warning signs, occupational diving, personal protection against laser radiation, work in confined spaces, Non-diving work in compressed air and hyperbaric treatment facilities, occupational health & safety management, occupational protective (footwear/clothing/helmets/gloves), occupational respiratory protection, industrial accident records, occupational health and so on.Australian laws arethe Anglo-American law, and occupational safety and occupational health laws and standardsareunified developed and managed. In our country, laws is statutelaw,and occupational health and safety lawsand standards is managed and developed by the occupational health departments and occupational safety departments. Australian standards’development and management is the combination of statutory and civil. The standards’development and amendmentpay attention topublic consultation and joint consultation. In ourcountry, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People’s Republic of China mainly areresponsible for occupational health standards. The standards’development and amendmentpay attention toholistic planning and expert review comments. Australian standards are recommended, but most will be adopted by the laws and regulations so as to have mandatory. Our country’s standards are two kinds of mandatory and recommended, and mainlylimit standards and diagnostic criteria of occupational disease.ConclusionsAustralia and China have established occupational health and safety standards management system and standard system, the former management system and standard system is more perfect and worth referencing. The Thesissuggests that our country should establish unified occupational health and safety management system and standard system, arrange and ensureduty of standards development and management organizations, encourageto Participate in industry or association, focus on joint consultation and public consultation, establish a managementmechanism of riskassessment, develop management standards and guidances to assist compliance, strengthen standards’development of psychologicalhazards, ergonomic hazards and so on, adjust the Occupational Exposure Limit standards which is too wide or too strict, increase the occupation disease catalogue and simplify the diagnostic procedures.