Epidemiological Study On The Correlation Between Metabolic Syndrome And Kidney

[Objective] To analyze the effect on metabolic syndrome with the risk of kidney stone and to explore the related risk factors for preventing kidney stone formation.[Methods] 3491 males who participated in physical examination in the Medical Centre of Fangchenggang First People’s Hospital were included for a cross-sectional study. We performed urinary tract ultrasound examination and measured serum glucose, blood lipids, then collected general demographic information and anthropometric data for each individual of the study. Chi-square test was used to analyze the relationship between the metabolic syndrome and the prevalence of kidney stones.1250 men were followed up for 4 years, and 67 with newly diagnosed with kidney stone.335 healthy males were randomly selected as controls following the age-matched principle. Then we used the chi-square test and the multi-factor conditional logistic regression to compare the differences between the two groups.[Results] In the cross-sectional study, the metabolic syndrome, abdominal obesity, elevation of hypertension, High triglycerides and low - high density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly increased the prevalence of kidney stones. The number of abnormal metabolic syndrome components were positively correlated with the prevalence of kidney stones. In the cohort study, the waist circumference and BMI in case group were significantly greater than the control group. The incidence of kidney stones was higher in subjects with the metabolic syndrome or abdominal obesity, while no statistical differences with elevated blood pressure, elevated blood glucose, or dyslipidemia. Metabolic syndrome, abdominal obesity and BMI were positively associated with the risk of kidney stone formation (OR was 2.449,2.208,1.108, respectively).[Conclusions] Metabolic syndrome especially obesity is one of the risk factors for kidney stone formation. Losing weight or controlling weight has a profound effect on decreasing the incidence and the recurrence of kidney stone.[Objective] We analyzed the relationship between metabolic syndrome with the risk of kidney stone formation and the stone compositions to explore the theoretical guidance for preventing kidney stone formation and recurrence.[Methods] Kidney stone inpatients were collected in 12 hospitals in Guangxi as case group. Then according to the geographical position matching principle, controls were randomly selected from five hospitals in Guangxi. Each case was diagnosed as kidney stone by urinary tract ultrasound or urinary tract CT scanning, and each control was performed urinary tract ultrasound examination. We measured serum glucose, blood lipids, then collected general demographic information and anthropometric data for each individual of the study. Chi-square test and the multi-factor conditional logistic regression using to compare the differences between the two groups. Then 294 csaes were selected to analysis the chemical composition of the urinary stones. Chi-square test using the to analyze the relationship between the metabolic syndrome and the chemical composition of the kidney stones.[Results] The age, systolic pressure, blood glucose, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and cholesterol in case group were significantly higher than the control group. Multiariable logistic regression analysis found that the metabolic syndrome, increased waist circumference, elevated blood pressure and elevated fasting blood glucose were the risk factors of kidney stone formation (adjusted OR was 1.65,1.65,1,78,1.39, respectively), while high density lipoprotein cholesterol was the protective factor (adjusted OR= 0.37).0 metabolic syndrome composition was compared with 1 to 5 metabolic syndrome components respectively, the risk of kidney stones prevalence rised (adjusted OR= 1.87,2.09,2.44,3.39,3.25, respectively). Patients with the metabolic syndrome were more likely with uric acid while less likely with other stone compositions. The same results were observed on patients of central obesity and elevated blood pressure.[Conclusions] Metabolic syndrome and its components are the risk factors for the formation of kidney stones. The risk of kidney stones prevalence rise with the components of metabolic syndrome. Patients with the metabolic syndrome, central obesity and elevated blood pressure were more likely with uric acid while less likely with other stone compositions.