The Research Of Instructional System Development Of Distance Education Based On Transaction Distance Theory

The investigative purpose in the article is, by taking the distance education theories as guidance, by analyzing the serious problems appeared in the current distance education, to find out the problem-solving way, to put forward the scenario, the suggestion and the opinion for doing the distance education jobs well, to promote distance education development healthily and steadily.The main research method adopted in the article is, firstly, to do some jobs such as collecting and sorting out the related data, investigation, etc., with the means of checking cultural heritage, investigating on society, and searching on Internet, to master abundant data and information so as to form the research idea. Secondly, to classify and combine the data and information, and to analyze them in details so as to form the research summary, and then, on this foundation, and by completely gathering and combining the former research jobs, to complete the article.The significance of the article is that, by studying and analyzing the problems and reasons in the distance education, it can bring forward problem-solving scenario and suggestion from two aspects of theories and practices, it can provide ideas and frameworks to people who work at distance education, and to people who hope to successfully hold up distance education, and it can provide the guidance to the distance education development both in the two aspects of theories and practices.The highlight new view in the article is that, to hold up distance education, we should hold tight the basic characteristic of distance education, namely 'distance', give full play to the distance education advantages of convenience and flexibility, increase multiform dialogue, shorten transaction distance properly. Furthermore, we should work on the reality, insist on the principles of combining various instructional mode and 'utility, enough-to-use, good-for-use', continue to use traditional model reasonably, invest cautiously, and pay attention to the profits.The first part in the article pointed out that there were some serious problems now in the distance education in China. For example, the guide-thought of holding up education is wrong, the distant instructional model is single and no adaptability, learning resources are badly lacking, learning support service is not enough, etc. The article also analyzed objective and subjective reasons that result in the problems. Then the article brought forward the basic ideas of solving the problems and promoting the distance education healthy development, and pointed out the direction that, to develop the instructional design of the distance education, we should set off from properly shortening the transaction distance.The second part in the article had discussed Moore's theory in details, which is about transaction distance and autonomous learning, and is one of the philosophy theories about distance education. By describing the implication of the theory, thearticle analyzed functional relationship among transaction distance and dialogue and structure, and functional relationship among learning individualization and transaction distance and autonomous learning. And also the article analyzed the dialogue, one of the variable, mainly discussed the question about the implication of dialogue, the determinant factor to dialogue, and the classification of dialogue, and discussed the question about the detailed way of processing dialogue, and discussed how much dialogue in normally instructional model, etc. And at last, the article had analyzed the structure, another variable, mainly discussed the issue about the implication of structure, the determinant factor to structure, and classification of structure, and discussed the question about the structure of instructional procedure, and discussed the relationship among dialogue and structure and selecting and combining the communicative media, etc., and also put forward the suggestion that is how to master the degree of structure in the instructional plan.The third part in the article gave an overall presentatio...