| The development and application of x-ray laser is one of the significant forward projects in the laser science and technology today. With its special features, x-ray laser has widespread application foregrounds in many fields such as Physics, Biology, Chemistry, Materials Science and Initial Confinement Fusion (ICF). A brief review of x-ray laser is presented, transient collision mechanism utilizing which a saturated x-ray laser can be achieved using a picosecond laser of several Joules is introduced, to which great attention was paid in recent years, the application of x-ray laser and it抯 progress is briefly outlined. A homogeneous line-focus is a key point in an x-ray laser experiment, various approaches to get it are surveyed, specially, a reflective focusing system which can be applied in transient inversion x-ray laser experiments is recommended, to which traveling-wave pumping is included. The illuminative uniformity of driven laser and the coupling condition of double targets in x-ray laser experiments were monitored with a cross-slit camera. Optical elements such as filter and multi-layer mirror et al. are widely applied in x-ray laser experiments and applications. A new method of single-shot measurement of soft x-ray filter抯 transmittance or multi-layer mirror抯 reflectance is proposed. Calibrations of C8H8, Zr filters and Mo/Si mirror were performed using grazing incident mirror to eliminate higher order contribution, the result was compared with the one made on Beijing Synchronous Radiation Facility (BSRF). Saturation of Ni-like Ag x-ray laser at 13.9 nm has been demonstrated on Shenguang II Laser Facility with a gain coefficient of 14 cm?and a gain-length product of 17. C8H8 plasma produced by a 100 picosecond laser was diagnosed with a moire deflectometer, clear moire pattern was achieved, electron density distribution was obtained.
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