Discussion Of The Relationship Between The Central And Local Government In The View Of Decentralization Of The State And Society

In the process of China's reform, the relationship between the central government and the local government has become outstanding with the establishment of the socialism marketing economic system. At the same time, it concerns not only the country's constitutional structure and institutional arrangements, but also the country's political stability and the social development. Therefore, the study in adjustment and construction of the relationship between central and local government is not only an important theoretical issue, but also a very urgently realistic one at present.The method of combining "what it should be" and "what it is" is adopted in the thesis. On the one hand, as western Civil Society Theory as a guide, a study of "what it should be" in decentralization of state and society , which is the premise and basis for adjusting and constructing the relationship between central and local government, has been made. On the other hand, with an eye to the practical condition of our country, the research and rethink of the traditional ways of dealing with the relationship between central and local government has been made. And then, the contrast of conditions of "what it should be" and "what it is" has been made and the concrete plan to realize target model has been put forward.In the process of expositions,the idea of the author generally experiences four stages.The first stage is to find theoretical basis. The fundamental reason why relationship between central and local government has never been able to deal with very well lies in the state power is lack of necessary restraint, and expands excessively, and infiltrates into all spheres of society. Specifically, when there is no distinction between state and society, the government intervenes in the micro-economic areas and social and public areas. And the government not only has its own functions , but also has functions of other companics and social intermediary organizations. In such circumstances, there are so many complex relations formed around government, which eventually lead to the government performs a lot of unnecessary duties, but some of the necessary responsibilities of the government are overlooked at the same time.In this kind of case, the adjustment of relationship between central and local government can only be administrative decentralization,and can not be institutional innovation which is following the transmation of government function. Therefore, the state power must be restricted necessarily, if we want to handle the relationship between central and local government properly. So the author thinks that civil society,under the background of the separation of state and society, is the most effective restriction and supervision of state power, through researching the interaction of state power and civil society. This conclusion becomes the key part of studying the relationship between the decentralization of state and society and the decentralization of central and local government , and provides theoretical basis to demonstrate the basic role of the decentralization of state and society.The second stage is to demonstrate the possibility of the decentralization of state and society, which is the new perspective to solve the problem of decentralization of central and local government in China. New perspective is proposed from two aspects:one is the thinking and reflection of the traditional way of dealing with the relationship between central and local government, the other is the analysis of the background of the new perspective. The author believes that the process of analyzing the background of the new perspective, in fect, is the process of researching argumentations to the proposition,which means that "the decentralization of state and society is the premise and basis to the decentralization of central and local government". Author finds four argumentations here: the successful experience of western countries, the reality of the differentiation of power and interests in China, the natual of public administration and the fundamental role of dealing with the relationship between central and local government.The third stage is to demonstrate the relationship between the two types of decentralization. The demonstration in the first stage doesn't discuss what key points of vertical distribution of power are resolved by the decentralization of state and society,even if the fundamental role is discussed in the first stage. Here, the relationship of the two types of decentralization is summarized as a relationship of dialectical unity. The decentralization of state and society is the premise and basis to the decentralization of central and local government, and the later has reaction to the fomer.The fourth stage is actually making supplementary explanations to the disputed viewpoints, and is also making a summary to the whole process of demonstration.In accordance with the above views, the following conclusions are educed: the decentralization of state and society is the premise and basis to the decentralization of central and local government. From the macroscopical angle of view, civil society, under the background of the separation of state and society, is the most effective restriction and supervision of state power. Civil society limits the state power within the scope of the management of social and public affairs. As a result, the relation of state power is quite simple, and it is easier to distribute state power in vertical governments. From the microscopical angle of view, the decentralization of state and society plays a fundamental role in dealing with the relationship between central and local government, because it rationalizes the economic relationship which is the most important restraining factors in the decentralization of central and local government, and promotes the transformation of government functions which is the most crucial way to achieve the decentralization of central and local government.So, if we want to retionalize the relationship between central and local government, we must deal with it under the background of dencentralization of state and society, and can not limit our thinking to internal government agencies and distribute state power only in vertical governments. Only on the basis of rational decentralization of state and society, can several complex relationships which restrict the decentralization of central and local government be rationalized, can the rule of law play a direct and substantial role in resolving the relationship between central and local government, can the relationship between central and local government be rationalized ultimately, and then can a stable and reasonable mechanism for the vertical distribution of state power be constructed.The creative results of this paper is mainly due to: first, the author does not follow the traditional way of the government's internal research ideas, but researches the relationship between central and local government from the perspective of decentralization of state and society, through analyzing the fundamental role of decentralization of state and society. Second, the author summaries the dialectical unity relationship between the decentralization of state and society and the decentralization of central and local government on the basis of theoretical analysis.