A Contrastive Study On Objects In Japanese And Chinese

Objects are known to all as an element of sentence. They always follow verbs in Chinese and thereby are judged according to their position in the sentence. In addition to transitive verb, they also follow intransitive verbs. Compared with Chinese usage, Japanese objects are not used in such a complex way. They are judged by the case mark "を" and only follow transitive verb. Not all the Chinese objects can be translated into Japanese ones because some Chinese transitive verbs can only be translated into Japanese intransitive verbs. So what can they be translated into? This is the just problem we are to solve in this thesis. After the comparison of objects in Chinese and Japanese, the thesis is to study it in the framework of some theories of case grammar and contrastive linguistic method, based on the instrument which is provided by《中日对译语料库》(第一版) ,which is published by the research center of Japan study.This thesis falls into three parts. Part 1 describes the pilot study and introduces the aim, view and methods of the research.Part 2 is the body of the research. It consists of four chapters. Chapter 1 surveys the previous and present research On objects in Chinese and Japanese. Chapters 2 and 3 concern the position and composition of Chinese and Japanese object respectively. According to its relationship with verbs, the noun object can be divided into 14 categories. And the two chapters also analyze the verbs which can be followed by objects. Chapter 4 is of importance and innovation in this thesis. Departing from Chinese objects, it deals with some Japanese sentences which correspond to Chinese objects.It includes: 1)full corresponding;2)part corresponding;3)no corresponding. The innovation of this part is bringing forward the translation of objects in Chinese. It can be translated ,specified by the pilot study, to the object "～を" and the subject "～が" ; the complement ,such as "～へ","～に", which denotes a moving terminal ; the complement to the object of action "～に"; the complement to the result of action "～に","～と"; the complement to implement "～で"; the complement to content "～と"; and adverbial expression. Besides these, it can also be translated to the forms of predicate , place adverbs "～で", time adverbs "～に", complements to motion "～を","～かち", "～まで",complements to cause "～で", complements that denote time quantifier "～を", and complements "...のために" denoting the intention.Part 3 briefly summarizes the thesis and puts forward some limitations of the study. It maps out the subsequent studies in the future.