| Stereotype is a kind of general stable viewpoint toward a certain social group. In general, stereotype is related with some character and behaviour. In social psychology, the conception of stereotype is represented with the deviation and coagulation of the social cognition. Hardly does the stereotype change when it is developed at once.People is always focus on the gender, one of the important research areas as stereotype from Goldberg(1968),who testified that men associate with greater achievement than women, the research of gender stereotype has been entered in the area of implicit social cognition. The research of the implicit stereotype depends on the method of the implicit memory. In 1989,with the repeated priming effect, Jacoby etc studied the effect of implicit memory in judgments of fame, which was called "Become Famous Overnight". It is implied the unconscious influence of memory in subsequent judgment. Banaji and Greenwald (1995) revised the procedure of fame judgment and studied the implicit gender stereotype in fame judgment. In addition, because of the inevitability of prejudice and the long negative affect of gander stereotypes, researchers also explored its stability. In experimental research, Banaji and Greenwald (1995) found that familiar names are indeed more likely to be judged as famous than unfamiliar names, and the men names are higher than women names. The finding testified both the Goldberg's conclusion and the stability of the implicit gender stereotypes.The issue of implicit gender stereotypes has not been researched empirically in our country. The goal of the present research was to test the existence of implicit gender stereotypes in fame judgment and to explore its stability. Firstly, some new methods were used in this research, including the operated conception of the independent variable and some precise manipulation. Secondly, the research of the stability of the implicit gender stereotypes was conducted serially, added a new variable: the cue of inconsistent information of gender stereotypes: yes or no. Thirdly, the research's reliability and validity were guaranteed by adopting the method of "generating research materials by subjects themselves ".Three experiments are involved in the research. We use famous names and unfamous names as experimental material. Hit rate and false rate are dependent variables. The goal of experiment 1 was to test the hypothesis of "implicit ganderstereotypes in Judgments of fame". The experiment design was a 2(name gender: male or female) ×2(name exposure: familiar or unfamiliar ) factorial, as within- subjects variables completely. The "familiar and unfamiliar names" were obtained by the judgments of pronunciation of names. ( the same as the follow). Experiment 2 and 3 both tested the hypotheses of the experiment 1 and explored serially stability of implicit gander stereotypes. So, the two experiments added a between-subjects variable. The design of experiment 2 was a 2(name gender: male or female) × 2(name exposure: familiar or unfamiliar)× 2(gander cue salience: high or low) factorial. The between-subjects variable of experiment 3 is the cue of inconsistent information of gender stereotypes: yes or no.The experiment results indicated:1. In our country, there is implicit gender stereotype in judgments of fame.2.Under the condition of high gender cue salience, the fact that there is implicit gender stereotype in judgments of fame implied the stability of implicit gender stereotypes.3.The manipulation of the cue of inconsistent information of gender stereotype could not reduce implicit gender bias, which further testified its stability.In this research, these three experiments provided supports for the hypotheses of "implicit gender stereotypes in judgments of fame", which indicated the stability of stereotypes at the same time. The research testified that implicit gender stereotypes include both memory element and other cognition elements, which provided not only a bright further for stereotype's change in real...
|
PDF Full Text Request