On "Polyphony" In Cao Yu's Early Dramas

It is known that?polyphony?is term of music originally, indicating a kind of music which each voice part has its independence in rhythm, stress, dynamics, length and wave of tune and forms harmony. The concept 損olyphony?was first introduced by Bakhtin into literary sphere on the comment of Dostoyevsky抯 novels. In Bakhtin抯 mind, novels before Oostoyevsky are all monologue梥tyle novels which were controlled by the unified will of authors, while Dostoyevsky抯 novels were 搈ulti-vocal?novels, i.e.?polyphony?novels which were composed by many different valuabal voices. This article holds the idea that four classical operas of Mr. Cao Yu composed in his early stage has distinct character of 損olyphony?in the history of Chinese modem opera. It is analysed from two espects the relationship among many characters and character themselves. Through the analysis of the characters, we could see Mr. Cao Yu抯 損olyphony?view on many problems and 損olyphony?of the whole opera. A good many relations of characters in these four works are like that among different rhythms in 損olyphony?music. Some echo with each other to highlight the motif. Some counter with each other but unlike monologue-style operas which having only one valuable voice, each side has respective value. So when reading the four classical operas of Cao Yu, the abundant and complicated tasting experiences were brought out by polyphyletism of value judgement. What we feel is true collisions between different voices, values and feelings. Furthermore, differing from the 揼ood is good?and 揺vil is evil?characters in monologue-style operas, the main characters of the Mr. Cao Yu抯 operas are 損olyphony? the innermost beings of them are abundant and complicated. Each character seems to be spitted into several voices, each of which has their own rhythms. Multi-rhythm 損olyphony?makes images of main characters of Cao Yu抯 operas full of tensility. However, after liberation, Mr. Cao Yu抯 art thought turned from 損olyphony? to 搈onologue?,thus his works lost brilliance and no more classic.