Ginsenoside Rd Could Improve Locomotivity And Ability Of Learning And Memory Induced By +Gz In Rats

Part 1Objectives:To investigae the effects of Ginsenoside Rd on the locomotivity and ability of learning and memory induced by +Gz in rats.Methods: A total of 64 male SD rats weighing 280-320 g were randomly assigned to four groups. The rats in the sham group were put on the animal centrifuge but without exposure to +Gz ; The rats in the control group were subjected to +10Gz exposure for 5min; The rats in the Rd group were administered Ginsenoside Rd 30mg/kg intravenously 30min before exposure to +10Gz for 5min; The rats in the vehicle group were administered the same volume solvent (20% propylene glycol) as the the Rd group intravenously 30min before exposure to +10Gz for 5min. The changes of the locomotivity were analyzed by open fields and the ability of learning and memory were analyzed by water maze. Results:In the open fields, compared to control group, the number of rears increased significantly and the time spent in center square decreased significantly in the Rd group(P <0.05); the number of rears and the time spent in center square had no difference between the vehicle group and the control group(P >0.05). In the water maze test, compared to control group, the escape latency to find the platform reduced significantly and the time spent during the probe test increased significantly in the Rd group(P <0.05); the escape latency to find the platform and the time spent during the probe test had no difference between the vehicle group and the control group(P >0.05).Conclusion:Ginsenoside Rd could ameliorate the impairment of locomotivity and the ability of learning and memory induced by exposure to +Gz.Part 2Objectives:To investigae the effects of Ginsenoside Rd on the apoptosis of neurons in the hippocamp induced by +Gz in rats.Methods:A total of 64 male SD rats weighing 280-320 g were randomly assigned to four groups. The rats in the sham group were put on the animal centrifuge but without exposure to +Gz ; The rats in the +Gz group were subjected to +10Gz exposure for 5min; The rats in the Rd group were administered Ginsenoside Rd 30mg/kg intravenously 30min before exposure to +10Gz for 5min; The rats in the vehicle group were administered the same volume solvent (20% propylene glycol) as the the Rd group intravenously 30min before exposure to +10Gz for 5min. The animals were decapitated at 1d, 3d ,5d and 7d after exposure to +10Gz. The brains were cut into frozen sections and TUNEL staine was performed. Results:Compared to the Sham group, the apoptosis of neurons of hippocamp increased significantly in the +Gz group and the vehicle group(P<0.05). Compared to the +Gz group, the apoptosis of neurons of hippocamp decreased significantly in the Rd Group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Ginsenoside Rd could inhibit apoptosis of neurons of hippocamp after exposure to +Gz in rats.Part 3Objectives:To investigae the effects of Ginsenoside Rd on the Excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2) after exposure to +Gz in rats.Methods:A total of 128 male SD rats weighing 280-320g were randomly assigned to four groups. The rats in the sham group were put on the animal centrifuge but without exposure to +Gz ; The rats in the +Gz group were subjected to +10Gz exposure for 5min; The rats in the Rd group were administered Ginsenoside Rd 30mg/kg intravenously 30min before exposure to +10Gz for 5min; The rats in the vehicle group were administered the same volume solvent (20% propylene glycol) as the the Rd group intravenously 30min before exposure to +10Gz for 5min. All the animals were decapitated at 2h,6h,12h,24h after exposure to +Gz. Then the brains were cut into frozen sections, and immunohistochemistry and western blot were performed to analyzed the change of EAAT2.Results: Compared to sham group, the levels of EAAT2 in +Gz,vehicle and Rd groups increased significantly at 6h and 12h after exposure to +Gz (P<0.05). The increase of EAAT2 in Rd group was more significant than the +Gz and vehicle groups at 2h,6h and 12h after exposure to +Gz (P<0.05) . The increse of EAAT2 in +Gz,vehicle and Rd groups returned to basal levels at 24 h after exposure to +Gz .Conclusion: After exposure to +Gz, the level of EAAT2 increased significantly, while Rd could further increased the level of EAAT2.