| Objective: As the chronic negative energy balance is the primary factor contributing to athletic menstrual cycle irregularities (AMI). The purpose of this study was to determine if carbohydrate supplementation improves the rats with estrogen cycle inhibition by the level of serum hormone concentrations and the changes of cellular structure on the Hypothalamus Thyroid Pituitary Thyroid Axis (HPT) and Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis (HPA). It's the important theoretical basis for athletic menstrual cycle irregularities athletes on dietary recommendations.Methods: Healthy female Sprague-Dawley rats (n=80), aged 2 months, were divided into eight groups at random, 10per/group. Control group (C), Standard Dietary and Sedentary Feed for 10 weeks. Training group-â… (4U,4Q,4P,4D), 4Q(Quiet recovered),4U(Standard dietary),4P(Glucose intervention),4D (Oligosaccharides intervention), trained at the Continuos high intensity for 4 weeks before increasing load Treadmill Running for 6 weeks . Training group-â…¡(6U, 6P, 6D), 6U(Standard dietary), 6P(Glucose intervention), 6D (Oligosaccharides intervention), trained at increasing load for 6 weeks. The training group-â… established rats estrogen cycle inhibition models by the increasing load treadmill running for 6 weeks, and then were taken respectively carbohydrate supplement intervention. The training group-â…¡adopted carbohydrate supplement intervention during the process of increasing load treadmill running . Experimental observation through regular vaginal exfoliated cytology determined the rats'estrogen cycle condition and electronic transmission microscope on the change of cellular structure on HPT axis and HPA axis ,combined with Chemical Luminescence Immunoassay analysis on serum TSH and tT4 levels and Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent assay analysis on serum GnRH, ACTH and cortisone levels. All the datas are used SPSS17.0 package processing, the significant difference P < 0.05, and standard highly significant difference P < 0.01.Results:1.Changes of each rat weight and relative abdominal fat weight on the 10th week: the training group-â… , rat weight shows 4Q> C > 4D > 4P > 4U, 4Q significantly higher than 4U(P<0.01), relative abdominal fat weight illustrates C>4Q>4P>4D>4U, 4Q and 4P significantly higher than 4U(P<0.01); the training groupâ…¡,both show C>6D>6P>6U, 6P and 6D significantly higher than 6U(P<0.01). 2.Changes of serum GnRH: training group-â… ,4Q>C>4D>4P>4U,4D higher than 4U(P<0.05),4Q significantly higher than 4U(P<0.01); training group-â…¡, C>6D>6P>6U, 6D higher than 6U(P<0.05). 3.Changes of serumACTH, training group-â… ,4U>4Q>4D>4P>C, 4Q higher than 4U(P<0.05),4P and 4D significantly higher than 4U(P<0.01), training group-â…¡, 6U>6D>6P>C, 6P higher than 6U(P<0.05). 4.Changes of serum cortisone, training group-â… ,4U>4D>4P>C>4Q, 4Q higher than 4U(P<0.05), training group-â…¡, 6D>6U>C>6P. 5.Changes of serum TSH and tT4, training group-â… ,TSH shows 4D>4P>C>4Q>4U; tT4 illustrates 4D>4P>4Q>C>4U, 4P and 4D significantly higher than 4U(P<0.01); training group-â…¡both show 6D>6P>C>6U, 6P higher than 6U(P<0.05)significantly higher than 6U(P<0.01). 6. Under continuous high intensity training , carbohydrate supplement intervention, can restrain the organelles futher damaged on the hypothalamus arcudate nuclei and pituitary,and change the flat of thyroid follicular epithelial cells to be columnar,and reduce the adrenal hyperplasia or expansion .7.Under increasing load training, carbohydrate supplement intervention, can repair the damaged the organelles of the hypothalamus arcudate nuclei and pituitary ,and maintain thyroid follicular epithelial cells columnar, and prevent the adrenal cortex and medulla hyperplasia.Conclusions:Under increasing load training, glucose or oligosaccharides intervention of normal rats estrogen cycle in the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid and adrenal, only tT4 and thyroid follicular epithelial cells are statistically significant,which the effect of oligosaccharides intervention better than glucose intervention. Finally, the experimental results show that adopting carbohydrate supplement intervention could improve the cell structure and function of HPA axis HPT axis in inhibited estrogen cycle rats effectively... |
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