| Objective:Oral squamous cell carcinoma is one kinds of malignant tumor in head and neck cancer, its incidence is growing in recent years, and this threats human health and life seriously. The treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma is still not ideal in the early diagnosis and long-term efficacy current. So, it is a focus of the research how to improve the early diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma, the malignancy of the carcinoma and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor(PPAR) was named for could be actived by peroxisome proliferator,play an improtant role in in the regulation of lipid metabolism and glucose metabolism, fat cell differentiation and energy balance. PPAR can be devided into three kinds : PPARα,PPARδ,PPARγ. Some research have shown that PPARγis highly expressed in many human cancer cell lines, such as, liposarcoma, breast cancer, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer, prostate cancer and gastric cancer.While, the relationship between PPAR in the human cancer cell and the cell, also its mechanism are not fully understood yet. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), also as known cyclin, which was found in the serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in 1978 by Miyachi etal, is closely related with the activity cell proliferation. Many researches have shown that the expression of PCNA in the nuclear is closely related with the activity of the proliferition of the cell.It has been considered as one of the indicators that could reflect the level of cell proliferation and differentiation,and has been developed to be a new probe to detect the cell proliferation in situ recently. The objective of our research is to study the expresstions of PPARγand PCNA in oral squamous cell carcinoma and their significance.Methods:Collect 50 cases of oral carcinoma specimens, Paracancerous tissue and normal tissues cut off by Surgical resection during October 2009 to June 2010, All patients did not take any therapy, the specimens are divided into two groups immediately after they are cue off, one is immobilized in 4% formaldehyde, then Embed it by Paraffin, the other is immobilized in 70% ethanol, stored in 4℃.1 The expressions of PPARγand PCNA were examined by SP immunohist-ochemical stain (IHC) in 50 cases of oral carcinoma specimens, dysplasia and normal tissuesTake wax blocks of each group, routine paraffin sections, dewaxing to water, operate accord to S-P kit instructions, analysis if There is a statistically significant among the different expressions of PPARγand PCNA through microscopic to observe.2 The Quantitative analysis of protein expression of PPARγand PCNA were examined by FCM in 50 cases of oral carcinoma specimens, paracancerous tissue and normal tissuesMake the tissue into single-celled suspension, use 500 mesh nylon mesh to filtrate it, centrifuge it, 1000rpm, 5 minutes; to mix the first antibody put it aside for 30 minutes at room temperature; mix the second anti-working fluid, put it aside for 1 hour at room temperature; use machine to inspect it, read the results.3 Results criteria3.1 ImmunohistochemistryMasculine of PPARγstaining can finding Brown granules in cytoplasm, its expression is evaluated by Immunohistochemical semi-quantitative method.3.2 Quantitative analysis of protein expressionThe average fluorescence intensity(mean) of protein expression in experimental samples quantitate protein.4 Statistical MethodsStatistical analyses were performed using statistical package SPSS13.0, t test,χ~2 test and Spearman were used. P<0.05 was accepted as statistically significantResults:1 The expression of PPARγand PCNA in oral squamous carcinoma, paracancerous tissue and normal tissuesThere is a higher Positive rate of PPARγin oral squamous carcinoma(60.0%, 30/50) than in paracancerous tissue(26.0%, 13/50) and in normal tissues(2.0%, 1/50) (P < 0.05); PCNA also express a higher rate in oral squamous carcinoma(72.0%, 36/50) than in paracancerous tissue(26.0%, 13/50) and in normal tissues(4.0%, 2/50) (P < 0.05).2 The results of PPARγand PCNA by flow cytometry in oral squamous carcinomaThe mean of PPARγis 396.56±33.39 in oral squamous carcinoma, higher than 333.36±15.93 in paracancerous tissue and 409.40±40.07 in normal tissues. There is a statistically significant among three groups (P<0.01). The mean of PPARγis 543.11±41.55 in oral squamous carcinoma, higher than 456.97±23.86 in paracancerous tissue and 409.40±40.07 in normal tissues. There is a statistically significant among three groups (P<0.01).3 According to the flow cytometry results, PPARγhad a Significant difference in squamous carcinoma, paracancerous tissue and normal tissues, it showed an increasing trend, which is Consistented with the results of immunohistochemistry. So was PCNA.4 The ralations between expression of PPARγand PCNA and Pathological and clinical characteristics in oral squamous carcinomaBy the correlation analysis, we found that results of immunohistochemistry indicated expression of PPARγand PCNA correlated to the malignant degree of cells and Cervical lymph node metastasis in oral squamous carcinoma, but the results of flow cytometry showed no correlation (P>0.05). There was no correlation between expression of PPARγand PCNA and gender or age.5 The correlation of PPARγand PCNA in squamous carcinomaResults of immunohistochemistry indicated expression of PPARγand PCNA had a positive correlation. simultaneously the mean of flow Immunofluorescence results were Consistent with immunohistochemistry results. the protein mean of PPARγand PCNA had a positive correlation (r=0.482, P=0.032).Conclusion:1 The expressions of PPARγand PCNA in oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues is hige.2 The expression of PPARγand PCNA have a positive correlation to the malignant degree of cells and lymph node metastasis.3 PPARγis closely correlated to PCNA in oral squamous cell carcinoma, paracancerous tissue and normal tissues. they had a positive correlation and possible a synergy in the process of tumor development. |
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