The Role Of Intratracheal Instillation Of Amikacin On Bronchial Mucosal Ciliary Structure Of Rats And The Interventional Effects Of Ambroxol

Obsjective To evaluate the effect of amikacin on mucosal cilia surface structure of trachea and lung pathology in wistar rats. The effect of ambroxol on intratracheal instillation of amikacin rats were also investigated with microscopes.The role of drug ambroxol in the mucociliary system was reviewed.Methods 120 Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: the normal control group(30 Rats), the normal saline group(30 Rats) , the amikacin group(30 Rats) and the ambroxol pre-treated group(30 Rats).The latter three groups were equally divided into five subgroups according to the time of 2 hour,12 hour,24 hour,48 hour,72 hour. The normal control group was reared without any treatment.Rats in amikacin group received intratracheal instillation of amikacin and the normal saline group were intratracheal instilled with the same dose of normal saline,the ambroxol pre-treated group was pre-treated with ambroxol before the instillation of amikacin,and they were sacrificed at 2,12,24,48,72h(6 rats at each time point)after instillation,then all the trachea samples were observed by scanning electron microscope and pathologic changes of the lung tissue stained by hematoxylin-eosin(HE) were also performed with light microscope. And the impaired area of cilia were analyzed with Image Pro Plus 6.0 software.Results 1.According to the electron microscope: In the amikacin group,the cilia of rats became lodging,sticked together,aligned abnormally,or/and abruption.mucous secretion and its stickness were increased;According to the light microscope:Pathological changes of the tracheal and bronchial epithelium cell appeared cilia disorder, mucus secretion, goblet cells increased and partially inflammatory cell infiltration. 2.The area of impaired cilia of the normal saline group, the amikacin group and the ambroxol pre-treated group were more than the control group (P<0.01). 3. The area of impaired cilia of the amikacin group was more than the normal saline group and the ambroxol pre-treated group at all the time spots(P<0.01).The destruction of ambroxol intervention group slightly reduced after intervention, the structure of cilia recover well. 4.Within the amikacin group,the area of impaired cilia was much more obviously at the 2h than at the 12h(P<0.01),and it was much more obviously at the 48h than at the 72h(P<0.01),.and within the ambroxol pre-treated group there were no difference between the 2h and 12h(P>0.05),the apparently reaction time was from the 2h to the 12h, it was more obviously at the 12h than at the 24h(P<0.01), there were no significant difference between the 24h and 48h(P>0.05), it was more obviously at the 48h than at the 72h (P<0.01). 5.Among the three groups, the area of impaired cilia of the amikacin group was more than the ambroxol pre-treated group and the ambroxol pre-treated group was less than the normal saline group(P<0.01).The amikacin group at the 12h and 24h was more than the ambroxol pre-treated group,but there was no statistical difference among the ambroxol pre-treated group and the normal saline group(P>0.05).There were statistical difference among the amikacin group and the ambroxol pre-treated group at the 48h and 72h,it was also the same between the ambroxol pre-treated group and the normal saline group (P<0.01).Conclusion 1.Intratracheal instillation of normal saline or amikacin cause different degrees of acute injury to the mucosal surface cilia ultrastructure of trachea and lung bronchiolar mucous membrane in rats,but the damage process was reversible and they can self recovery right now.2.Oral administration of ambroxol before intratracheal injection of amikacin,the damage degree of cilia structural in rats was light than the amikacin group, lung pathological result show rare inflammatory cells, suggesting that ambroxol can promote the recovery process and alleviate inflammation of airway.