Study On Impact Of Self-efficacy Group Guidance On Nurses' Career Condition

Objective:To survey the current situation and influencing factors of the nurses career status and self-efficacy in the third-grade class A general hospitals in Taiyuan, and explore the correlation of them for the basis of the nurses career management and education; To study the effect of group self-efficacy guidance on nurses' self-efficacy and career condition, forming an effective group counseling program provided a set of referable and operational career management counseling methods for nurses; To verify Career Evaluation Scale reliability and validity provided a reference for the R & D of the rating scale of nurses' career status.Methods:In survey research, using convenience sampling method, for 360 clinical nurses of the first and second hospital of Shanxi Medical University and Shanxi institute of traditional Chinese medicine conducted a questionnaire survey, and there are 339 valid questionnaires. The questionnaires include general information questionnaire, GSES and Career Evaluation Scale. Using SPSS 16.0 statistical software to analysis the data.These methods included descriptive statistics, t-test, analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis test, Pearson or Spearman's rho rank correlation, multiple regression analysis, etc.In the intervention study,62 nurses from two third-grade class A general hospitals in Taiyuan were selected as research objects through advertising and personal interviews. Followed by randomization group and combined with interviews with the wishes,32 persons in intervention group, and 30 in control group. The intervention group took part in the "You do, I do" self-efficacy group guidance, and tests were used before and after the counseling, while the control group was in nature scene. The measuring scales were Career Evaluation Scale and General Self-efficacy Scale. Using SPSS16.0 statistical software to analysis the data, these methods included t-test, analysis of variance, etc.Methods Literature review, expert consultation, questionnaire survey and statistical analysis were used in verifying Career Evaluation Scale.Results:1.The results of the test of the Career Evaluation Scale:(1) Reliability:The overall scale Cronbach Alpha coefficient is 0.8582, split-half reliability is 0.7711 and the dimensions' a coefficients is between 0.72-0.77; test-retest reliability coefficient is 0.816.(2) Content validity:The content validity of the surface is 0.826 by specialist consultation (Delphi) method; calculate the correlation between the four dimensions and four dimensions with the total scale. Results showed the correlations were all statistically significant level. The coefficient of four dimensions with the total scale is between 0.713-0.870 (except the will to stay, r= 0.241, close to 0.3), and the coefficient of the four dimensions is 0.106-0.529, less than the correlation of between dimensions and the total scale. In general, these show that the questionnaire has good content validity.(3) Factor analysis was used to extract four factors, according to the factor loading value and the variance of the size of the various entries classification, combined with professional knowledge, and the basic framework consistent conforms to the original theoretical structure. The cumulative variance contribution rate was 59%, then the results were a great variance orthogonal rotation, and the rotated factor loadings were all above 0.3.2. Survey results:(1) The scores of GSES and Career Evaluation Scale:GSES score was 25.26±5.06,which was lower than the international norm for adults (p<0.001). Career status score was 77.60±12.72, and the scoring percentage is 67.48%.(2)The influence factors of the self-efficacy and career status:the self-efficacy of nurses different ages, titles and health condition were significantly different (p<0.05); The career status of nurses different ages, work experience, position, titles and health condition were significantly different (p<0.5); The career identity of different positions, state of health was significant difference (p <0.05); Nursing job satisfaction of different ages, work experience, position, job title, monthly income was significantly different (p<0.05); Nurses'organizational commitment of different ages, work experience, job title, health status and marital status showed a significantly different (p<0.05); Different positions and health condition in the dimensions of retention showed a significant difference (p<0.05). In the regression analysis, self-efficacy, position, health status, ages, work experience, night shift and departments were the important effect factors.(3)The relationship between nurses' self-efficacy and career status:The nurses' general self-efficacy has a significantly correlation with the four dimensions of the Career Evaluation Scale and total scale, which is the coefficients is between 0.155-0.358 (p<0.001). In the regression analysis, the general self-efficacy was incorporated into all the regression models, and the standardized regression coefficients showed that its predictive power was stronger than those of other factors. Overall, the general self-efficacy was a significant predictor of the career status evaluation.3. Experimental results:After the group self-efficacy guidance, there is a significant difference of the scores of the GSES and the Career Evaluation Scale between the intervention group and the control group (p <0.05). The Career Evaluation Scale and GSES scores of the intervention group were improved (p<0.05), while those of the control group had no significant difference (p>0.05)."Performance group training" activity evaluation form participants showed that:95% of the members was more confident; 90% of the participants believed that they could confront nursing profession with optimism; 100% of the members of the group felt the power, help people to help themselves, happy, sincere, etc.; only one reflected the depth of the activities not enough.Conclusion:1. The overall level of general self-efficacy of nurses of A-grade hospital in Taiyuan is lower than general population. The career status is at a medium level, and there were many influence factors paid more attention to in the career management and education.2. The nurses' general self-efficacy has a significantly correlation with the Career Evaluation Scale, and it is an important influence factor of nursing career situation. These tell us:Strengthen the training of nurses' general self-efficacy in the nursing education and management has an important practical significance for the current stable care team, reducing the loss of nursing staff, improving the quality of nursing profession and the quality of care, etc.3. The self-efficacy group guidance can be used to improve self-confidence of nurses and improve the situation of their career as a sensitive method by nursing managers and educators.4. The reliability and validity of the Career Evaluation Scale was tested acceptable, which could be used in the test of nurses' career status. However, the existence of single-entry dimension in the scale affects the reliability, validity and structure of the whole scale, needing to be modified and verified further in the future.