The Study On The Development Of Public Health In Nanjing, 1927-1937

When it came to the Republic of China era, the public hygiene became a scale to weigh civilization and uncivilization, modernization and backward. And it is beyond itself and became a way for every nation to "compete to survive". After its foundation, nationalist government of Nanjing put a new premium on capital city Nanjing's construction of public hygiene to show its determination and ability to domestics and other countries on "national rejunvenation". With the joint effcets of central and Nanjing governments, the modernization of Nanjing's construction of public hygiene was on its way. Using current books and documents, this thesis tries to revert the construction and search the experience and lessons of Nanjing's construction of public hygiene in the aspects of the establishment of public hygienic administration, the development of education of public hygiene, the regulations of environmental hygiene and the development of public epidemic prevention. This thesis could be divided into introduction, main body (four chapters) and conclusion.The introduction is an brief review of the histroy study of the public hygienic research and a summary of cardinal academic problems. On the basis of affirmation of their achievement, this thesis points out their shortages, especially the shortages on the study of the development of Nanjing's public hygiene. Towards these shortages, the research object and writing aims are confirmed.Chapter one mainly dicusses the establishment and independence of Nanjing's hygienic administration and the raising of the fund of hygienic construction. Since modernization, Nanjing's hygienic administration were belong to police paperwork until the foundation of nationalist government of Nanjing. Since then, an independent hygienic organization with well defined responsibility grew up. This organization raised money in all-round way in the condition of the embarrassment of municipal finance;In chapter two, according to nespapers and documents, this thesis introduces the indifference of general public's hygienic awareness in Nanjing and the all-round-way education of public hygiene which Nanjing government developed under the teaching of central government. Among them, the using of "national rejuvenation" in the education of public hygiene are highlighted and reasons of this failed using are analysed; In chapter three, the regulations of environmental hygiene in Nanjing are systematically introduced in the aspects of the renovation of roads, the build of kennels, the cleaning and treatment of wastes, the settings and management of public latrines, the regulations of Qinhuai Riverand and the improvement of drinking water. It shows the achievements as well as shortages;In chapter four, the key points and principles of the development of public epidemic prevention are introduced in the aspects of free injections and vaccinations, flies and mosquito eradication, epidemic prevention in the slum. And it showed the establishment of Nanjing's system of public epidemic prevention and improvement of epidemic prevention measures;The conclusion concludes the main viewpoints of the thesis. Nanjing's construction of public hygiene was on developing basic and shortage of fund, but for showing its political legitimacy and rationality for "national rejuvenation", Nanjing government developed it as a political duty under the teaching of central government, and it developed quickly in a short period. There are both achievements and pities in this procee, and it also gives us a way to understanding the society on that time as well as a mirror for today's construction of public hygiene.