| With the speed up economic globalization and the increase of people mobility, the spread of infectious diseases have been accelerated. Our country is faced with the threats of old and new infectious diseases. Small number of infectious diseases will be eliminated, but the diseases under control basically have come back, and the new ones are being discovered continuously. Many severe infectious diseases have broken out in recent years, for instance AIDS, known as"plague in the 20th century"had spread to 197 countries and regions since it was first reported in the USA in 1981. Some developing countries nearly perised for such diseases at that time. At the beginning of 2003, the sudden Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) became the first unknown infectious disease to people in the 21st century. Since the"first patient"appeared in Foshan City, Guangdong Province of China in Novemeber 16th ,2002, it had extended to Guangdong, Beijing, Hebei, Shanxi as well as Hongkong, Singopore,Vietnam, Canada in short time on the basis of globalization and had gone far beyond the category of medical science quickly. Affecting every aspects in politics, economy and society of all countries,it was developed into a global public crisis and received worldwide attention. Almost everyone was disturbed in the aspect of normal life and work by SARS outbreak.In the past, we usually focused on the analysis of monitoring data of single infectious disease in certain stage, but not on overall outbreak stituation analysis of monitoring data of all kinds of diseases, so we were lacking in the comprehensive and systemic understanding of Class A and B infectious diseases. This time through the analysis of Class A and B infectious disease monitoring data in 2004-2008,we came to understand morbidity level and constituent ratio of Class A and B infectious diseases in Kuangcheng District of Changchun and searched after the relevent factors which affect the changes of diseases to summerize prevention experience, providing scientific basis for healthy policy formulation and basic information for other relevent policies. Reported dada of Class A and B infectious diseases in 2004-2008 was provided by the archives of Disease Control Center of Changchun Kuangcheng District. This material included reported dada of Class A and B infectious diseases from 11 subdistricts (township) under the control of Changchun Kuangcheng District from the year 2004 to 2008 , totaling 24 kinds of infectious diseases. The population in this article had two sources,one was the resident population from Changchun Statistic Bureau according to ages, and the other was census register population within all subdistrict offices in Kuancheng District according to regions. Census register population within all subdistrict offices in Kuancheng District was used for regional analysis, while resident population was used for the rest analysis.Considering"Class A and B infectious diseases","morbidity","epidemic character","situation analysis"as the keywords, look up relevant literature through computer search and analyze the reasons and influences through the calculation of morbidity, mortality and constituent ratios to realize the controling situation analysis for infectious diseases.The analysis results showed: a. between2004 and 2008, 14 kinds of Class A and B infectious diseases , a total incidence of 5861 cases , for 239.03 /100,000, deaths for 6 cases, the mortality rate for 0.245/100,000, morbidity has declined. b. the incidence ratio of hepatitis, tuberculosis, dysentery, measles, gonorrhea, syphilis as well as scarlet fever ranked top five in each year, infectious diseases causing death were idemic encephalitis, tuberculosis and AIDS/HIV. The incidence of gonorrhoea has declined to some extent, but the incidence of scarlet fever has ascended significantly, ranking top 5 in consecutive 2 years. c. 2004-2008 in Kuancheng District, statutory report for Class A and B infectious diseases was subject to digestive tract infection, digestive tract infectious diseases and respiratory infectious diseases accounted for over 80% of total incidence. Sexually infectious diseases ranked the third, it first dropped then went up d. the attack ages has two peaks relatively, respectively for 20-30 years and 75 years above, the number of the infected between 22 and 30 years was 1246 , accounting to 21.3% of total incidence, with the incidence for 275.21/100,000. e. incidence rates changes between male and female during the year 2004-2008, the male incidence rate was higher than female annually.f. Occupation proportion of Class A and B infectious diseases was shown as follows ,with other composition proportion as the highest followed by houseworkers and job seekers, the workers ranking the third.2004-2008 Class A and fectious diseases in Kuancheng District concentrated mainly on digestive tract infectious diseases, respiratory infectious diseases and sexually transmitted infectious diseases. Hepatitis and diarrhea of infectious diseases of digestive tract as well as tuberculosis of respiratory infectious diseases accounted to 79.22% of total incidence and sexually transmitted infectious diseases also reached 15% around. With the thorough implementation of Law On Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, the government paid more attention to prevention and control of infectious diseases and increased spending. The increasing publicity for bacillary dysentery prevention aknowledge contributed to the significant decrease of the incidence. Because of the application of vaccine, the incidence of measles, diphtheria, poliomyelitis, pertussis, idemic enceohalitis, hepatitis A dropped obviously. But hepatitis and tuberculosis accounting to a higher percentage in the total incidence didn't drop . Kuancheng is an old District of Changchun City with railway station, bus station and other important facilities included. So population mobility and density, food stands are relatively more, which may prvoide transmission ways for hepatitis, tuberculosis and venereal disease. Male incidence rate was higher than female annually ,with the incidence ratio between male and female between 1.88 and 2.33 times ,curve of incidence showing smooth movements and the incidence of female presenting smooth downtrend. It may result from that male youths going out more, wide range of activitiy , more opportunities to contact people so as to be infected by more chances. Occupation proportion of Class A and B infectious diseases was shown as follows:with other composition proportion as the highest followed by houseworkers and job seekers, the workers ranking the third; farmers showing a rising trend from 7.46% - 10.96%; while cadre and staff presenting downtrend from 7.38% to 3.34%; children, students, and retired personnel fluctuating. It is necessary to further strengthen rural medical knowledge publicity, and more attention should be paid to reduce incidence proportion of farmers, considering others as the key protection. 20-50 is the major ages for people to suffer from the invasion or threat of infectious diseases, the majority of the people in such ages are in the forefront of labor production, they are the main social wealth creators and the pillars of the families, therefore, it is extraordinarily significant to protect them from invasion by the infectious diseases. |
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