| Along with economic development and the continuous improvement of people's living standards,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases have become the people's health against major diseases, ranking first in all kinds of causes of death.Atherosclerosis is the basis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease pathological, lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis are closely related.chemical synthetic drugs used in clinical in the treatment of hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis have emerged in the course of the toxic side effects can not be ignored. Insects drougs research in recent years was paied more attention. This article will discuss the function and possible mechanismsof the housefly larvae powder anti- hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis.Research Purposes:1. Determine the effective volume of the housefly larvae induced by physical methods in order to rich small protein molecules.2. Optimize process of maggot protein powder and chitosan preparation , preliminary study of maximal tolerance dose (MTD) of mice to the powder of housefly larvae.3. Explore the best Compatibility of maggot protein powder and chitosan and the possible mechanisms in anti- hyperlipidemia. 4. Explore the best Compatibility of maggot protein powder and chitosan and the possible mechanisms in anti- atherosclerosis, Preliminary study the impact of housefly larvae extract on macrophage foam cell cholesterol outflows.Research Methods:1.Feed and bulk induce the housefly larvae.After the 3 instar larvaes pupated and eclosioned feed glucose and water, 3 days later, put the egg collection device in the cage to collect housefly eggs.After the larvaes were hatched fed with milk powder, wheat bran, yeast powder mixed feedingstuff, collect the larvaes when they grow into 3 instar. Stimulate the 3 instar larvaes by cold , hot , hot and cold , ultraviolet irradiation, ultrasonic, then determine the content of protein in each group and analysis by electrophoresis.Determine the best conditions induced by the physical methods2. Preparation of protein powder and chitosan with housefly larvaes and maximum tolerated dose experiment. Homogenate the 3 instar larvaes after induced by the best way, prepare the maggot protein powder by freeze-dried and prepare chitosan by acid base to the filtrate and dregs. Put the maggot powder ten times to the test dose into normal diet and feed the mice, observe the impact to the status of the mice survive.3.Prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia by housefly larvae powder .Preventive experiment: Animals were randomly divided into nine treatment groups: protein powder Low-dose group, protein powder high-dose group, chitosan group, protein powder: chitosan = 10:1 group, protein powder: chitosan = 20:1 group, positive control group, negative control group, model group and normal control group,sacrificed all rats after the end of the experiment. Calculated the ratio of liver weight to the body weight. Therapeutic experiment: After established the hyperlipidemia model with high-fat solution by lavage, model group animals were randomly divided into three treatment groups. Experimental period is 25 days, the last5 days were drug discontinuance period, observe the levels of TC,TG,HDL,LDL in serum rebound and anti-oxidation situation. 4. Research of housefly larvae powder anti-atherosclerosis.Animal experiment: model group animals were randomly divided into six treatment groups: Protein powder group, chitosan group, protein powder: chitosan = 10:1 group, protein powder: chitosan = 20:1 group, positive control group, negative control group, observe the changes in blood lipid and effects of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. Identify the expression effect of iNOS and eNOS, routine HE staining to thoracic aorta and liver.Impact of housefly larvae extract on macrophage foam cell cholesterol outflows:establish the macrophage foam cell model by hyperlipidemic rat liver homogenate solution, then divided into five treatment groups: high-dose group, middle-dose group, low-dose group, the positive control group, negative control group and normal control group.Oil red O staining cells in each group and calculate the area of red staining.Results:1. Larvaes acquired by captive could meet the test requirement. Electrophoresis results showed that small-molecule protein under 6.5KD was enriched. Each indicator showed the best induced way is stimulate with hot and cold.2.Yield of protein powder by freeze-dried was 48.56%±5.36%,yield of chitosan by acid base was 56.22%±14.35% and the degree of deacetylation was 84.52%±13.56%.Result of MTD experiment ten times to the test dose showed no death of the male and female mices.3. Hyperlipidemia preventive experiment: each treatment group can effectively inhibit the TC, TG, LDL levels increase and HDL level decline during the experiment, alleviate the pathological changes in liver. Among them, protein powder: chitosan = 10:1 is the optimal group. Therapeutic experiment: each treatment group can effectively reduce the serum TC, TG, LDL levels and increase level of HDL, and did not rebound after drug withdrawal. Levels of SOD and MDA and pathological state of the liver were improved4. Anti-atherosclerosis results of animal experiment: each treatment group can effectively reduce the serum TC, TG, LDL levels and increase level of HDL. Liver index also dropped. SOD vitality increased and MDA levels declined in treatment groups. Among them, protein powder: chitosan = 10:1 is the optimal group. Arteries pathological state improved. Expression of iNOSmRNA reduced and eNOSmRNA raised in treatment group.5. Impact of housefly larvae extract on macrophage foam cell cholesterol outflows result: image analysis of lipid data analysis showed that high, medium and low doses of red stained cells decreased. High and medium dose groups are significantConclusion:Powder of housefly maggots induced by cold and hot have a significant effect on hyperlipemia prevention and treatment, and play an important role in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant in therapy of atherosclerosis, effectively improve the blood vessels in pathological conditions also. |
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