Effect Of Maternal PBDE-209 On GDF-9, IGF-I And IGF-IR Of Offspring Rat's Ovary

Objective:To explore the effect of exposure to maternal PBDE-209(polybrominated diphenyl ether -209) in different periods on the maternal rat's productivity and the offspring rat's ovary regional cytokine network.Try hard to find out more study evidences on the possibility that PBDE-209 is a persistent,biological accumulated,organic contaminant.Methods:To establish offspring Wistar rat model about exposure to maternal PBDE-209 in different periods(progestation,gestation and progestation&gestation).Then observe these indexes of the female elder rats including amount of unpregnant,amount of died of dystocia,the conceiving time,the pregnant duration,the amount of dead birth and live birth when they labored. Meanwhile,to observe the weight of offspring rats when they were born and weaning.Then determine the content of GDF-9(growth differenciation factor-9),IGF-Ⅰ(insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ) and IGF-ⅠR(insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰreceptor) in the offspring rat's ovary(the vaginal orifice is whole) through immunohistochemistry process and image analytical technique.Results:1.The general toxical effect on female elder rats and offspring rats after fed with maternal PBDE-209 by gastrogavage in different periods.(1) Fed with PBDE-209 in progestation alone can prolong the conceiving time of female elder rats,only the main effect of progestation has statistical significance (P＜0.05).(2) Fed with maternal PBDE-209 in gestation alone can diminish the weight of offspring rats when they were born and weaning,only the main effect of gestation has statistical significance(P＜0.05).(3) Fed with maternal PBDE-209 in two periods can not effect these indexes of female elder rats:the amount of unpregnancy,the amount of die of dystocia,the pregnancy duration,the number of dead birth and live birth,the differences are not statistically significant(P＞0.05).And it can not effect the offspring rat's weight gain in lactation, the difference is not statistically signifficant(P＞0.05).(4) There is no noetic abnormity of offspring rats in each group which was observed by eyes when they were born or delactated.(5) There is no significant difference between each group of the ovary architecture of offspring rats.2.Effect of fed with maternal PBDE-209 by gastrogavage in different periods on GDF-9, IGF-Ⅰand IGF-ⅠR in offspring rat's ovary.(1) The results show that fed with maternal PBDE-209 in gestation can diminish the content of GDF-9 in EMG of offspring rat's ovary,diminish the content of IGF-ⅠR in granular cells and EMG of offspring rat's ovary,increase the content of IGF-Ⅰin granular cells of offspring rat's ovary,the differences are statistically significant (P＜0.05).The interaction has statistical significance(P＜0.05),it shows that fed with maternal PBDE-209 can antagonism the effect on the content of GDF-9 and IGF-ⅠR in EMC and the content of IGF-Ⅰand IGF-ⅠR in granular cells of offspring rat's ovary when in gestation continuely fed with maternal PBDE-209.(2) The content of GDF-9 and IGF-ⅠR in EMC,the content of IGF-Ⅰand IGF-ⅠR in granular cells of offspring rat's ovary in each group is different,the differences are statistically significant(P＜0.05).(3) The content of GDF-9 and IGF-ⅠR in EMC of offspring rat's ovary,the content of IGF-ⅠR in granular cells of offspring rat's ovary in experiment groups is less than the content of them in control group,the differences are statistically significant(P＜0.05). Meanwhile,the content of GDF-9 and IGF-ⅠR in EMC of offspring rat's ovary,the content of IGF-ⅠR in granular cells of offspring rat's ovary in gestational group is less than the content of them in progestational group and progestation&gestational group, the differences are statistically significant(P＜0.05).However,it is still unable to consider that the content of GDF-9 and IGF-ⅠR in EMC of offspring rat's ovary,the content of IGF-Ⅰand IGF-ⅠR in granular cells of offspring rat's ovary in progestational group is different from the progestation&gestational group,the differences are not statistically significant(P＞0.05).(4) The IGF-Ⅰcontent in granular cells of offspring rat's ovary in experimental groups is more than the content of it in control group,the differences are statistically significant(P＜0.05).However,it is still unable to consider that the content of IGF-Ⅰin granular cells of offspring rat's ovary in progestational group,gestational group and progestation&gestational group are different,the differences are not statistically significant(P＞0.05).Conclusions1.Fed with maternal PBDE-209 in progestation can prolong the conceiving time of female elder rats.And fed with maternal PBDE-209 in gestation can decrease the weight of offspring rats when they were born and weaning.These results demonstrate that maternal PBDE-209 can effect the female elder rat's productivity.2.Exposure to maternal PBDE-209 in progestation or/and in gestation can both diminish GDF-9 and IGF-ⅠR content in EMC,IGF-ⅠR content in granular cells of offspring rat's ovary.Moreover,the effect of exposure in gestation is more signifficant.3.Exposure to maternal PBDE-209 in progestation and/or gestation can both increase IGF-Ⅰcontent in granular cells of offspring rat's ovary.However,exposure in which period can influence the IGF-Ⅰcontent in granular cells of offspring rat's ovary more seriously still need more study.4.Exposure in progestation has antagonism toward the toxical effect when continuedly exposed to maternal PBDE-209 in gestation and cause the content of GDF-9 and IGF-ⅠR in offspring rat' EMC,the content of IGF-Ⅰand IGF-ⅠR in offspring rat's granular cells not to change too much.In a word,it's able to consider that PBDE-209 is one member of the POPs.Its reproductive toxicity to the maternofetu and its degree has closed relation to the exposure period.Accordingly, to insure the mothers and fetus health and safe,it is necessity for the maternal generation to aviod consistently exposure to the environment which is polluted by PBDE-209 obviously higher than daily living standard,expecially exposure in gestation suddently.