Screening Of The Procoagulant Substance From Nodus Rhizomatis Nelumbinis And The Study Of Its Mechanism

Nodus rhizomatis nelumbinis is the joint part of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn and it has been used as a kind of medicine in the history of China. There is a detailed description of its efficacy in Compendium of Materia Medica. It says that nodus rhizomatis nelumbinis can stop hemoptysis, bloody stranguria, hematockezia, bloody flux, profuse uterine bleeding. However, in modern clinical application, there are no reports on its chemical composition analysis, screening of procoagulant substance from nodus rhizomatis nelumbinis and study of its mechanism. In this study, the crude extractions from nodus rhizomatis nelumbinis with different solvents were compared on pharmacodynamics, among which the procoagulant substance were separated and the most effective one was achieved. Then, its procoagulant mechanism was studied.Firstly, the components of nodus rhizomatis nelumbinis powder were analyzed. The results showed it contained terpenoid, volatile oil, phenols, tannins, organic acids, alkaloid, flavonoids, carbohydrate and their glycosides, saponin, protein, cardiac glycoside, amino acid and so on. The nutrient content was: moisture 1.57%, ash 7.47%, crude lipid 4.62%, crude protein 9.58%, and amino acid 5.44%. And it also contained 8 kinds of mineral elements (kalium, calcium, natrium, magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc, cuprum) which are necessities for people. Taking gallic acid as standard, the total content of phenols is 5.79% by spectrophotometry.Five crude extractions were achieved with petroleum ether, 50% of ethanol, water, 50% of acetone as solvent. Coagulation time(CT), activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT), prothrombin time(PT) and thrombin time(TT) were determined by coagulant test in vivo and in vitro. The pharmacodynamics of the extractions was evaluated and then the optimal solvent was confirmed. The results showed that the extraction solvent is 50% of acetone.Using systemic solvent method, the acetone extractions were separated into three parts which were acetic ether extract part, n-butyl alcohol extract part and water bath part. With the same pharmacological experiment we make an appraising for procoagulant pharmacodynamics of the three extract parts. The results showed that the effective procoagulant parts of nodus rhizomatis nelumbinis were acetic ether extract part and n-butyl alcohol extract part, and terpenoid, phenols, tannins, alkaloid, flavonoids, carbohydrate were confirmed in the acetic ether extract part, while phenols, tannins, flavonoids, cardiac glycoside, carbohydrate were confirmed in the n-butyl alcohol extract part by chemical qualitative analysis.By mensuring APTT, PT, TT, the content of fibrinogen(FIB) and blood platelet aggregation rate, the results showed that the acetic ether extract part and n-butyl alcohol extract part of nodus rhizomatis nelumbinis could significantly shorten APTT, PT, TT and increase the content of FIB in plasma. We have a preliminary conclusion that the procoagulant mechanism may activate many kinds of cruor factor in endogenous coagulation and extrinsic coagulation.