The Expression And Significance Of P53,p73 And PCNA In Leukoplakia Of Oral Mucosa And Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

ObjectiveExploration the regulation of canceration and the earlier diagnosis of tumor by detection the specific proteins or substances is the a popular issue nowadays. To find the linking between the expression of proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), p53 and p73 in the normal oral mucosa, leukoplakia of oral mucosa and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and provide the theoretical and scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of OSCC, the expression of PCNA, p53 and p73 in the normal oral mucosa, leukoplakia of oral mucosa and OSCC and their relationships were studied in this paper.Methods1.51 paraffin-embedded pathological specimens provided by the department of pathology were collected , which included 20 leukoplakia of oral mucosa and 31 oral squamous cell carcinoma. 10 cases of oral normal mucosa were taken as control. All of specimens were dealt with immuno-chemistry method and the expression of p53, p73 and PCNA were detected with score and gray scale measurement.2. The results of p53, p73 and PCNA expression measured from the specimens of oral normal mucosa, leukoplakia of oral mucosa and OSCC were analyzed with statistics.Results1. PCNA was negative expression in oral normal mucosa, or little PCNA-positive cells spreaded in the basal layer was seen. The expression of PCNA in the specimens increased depending on the the malignancy scale. There were significant differences among the expressions of PCNA in the oral normal mucosa, oral leukoplakia and OSCC (P<0.05). The PCNA expression was not related to the pathological grading (P>0.05).2. No p53 expression was seen in oral normal mucosa. 35% oral leukoplakia and 77.4% OSCC specimens showed p53 expression. There were significant differences in p53 expression among the oral normal mucosa, oral leukoplakia and OSCC (P<0.05), but no statistic significance in OSCC with different pathological grading (P>0.05).3. There were positive expression of p73 in the basal layer cells in some oral normal mucosa. More positive expressions of p73 were seen in oral leukoplakia and OSCC depending on the malignancy scale. There were statistic significances in the differences among the oral normal mucosa, oral leukoplakia and OSCC(P<0.05). p73 expressions between the different pathological grading in OSCC did not show significant difference(p>0.05).4. The expression of p53 was linear positively correlated to which of p73 (r=0.450, p<0.01); The expression of p53 was linear positively correlated to which of PCNA (r=0.602, p<0.01); The expression of p73 was linear positively correlated to which of PCNA (r=0.507, p<0.01). The correlation was the highest between the p53 and PCNA and the lowest between the p53 and p73.Conclusion1. The over expression of p53, p73 and PCNA were closely correlated to the process of malignant changes of oral mucosal precancerous lesions.2. The expression of p53, p73 and PCNA were not related with the pathology grading of OSCC.3. Because there were linear positively relations among the expression of p53, p73 and PCNA during the development of OSCC, they may be biological markers for the precancer and cancer lesions of oral. And they may play important roles for the diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of OSCC.