A Followed-up Survey Of Diabetic Risk Factors In The Simple Obesity

Objective: To find out the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the obesity and investigate the risk factors of T2DM, in order to provide evidence for the prevention and forecast of T2DM.Subjects and Methods:1 Subjects: The simple obesity of Shijiazhuang (selected from the medical examination center of our hospital, body mass index (BMI)≥25kg/m~2, age:35-55, without hypertension, coronary artery disease, dyslipidemia, diabetes or impaired gluc- ose tolerance and other diseases. Menopause female were also excluded.) The total subjects were 583, including 316 male and 267 female.2 Methods: In 2000, their basic information was collected, including sex, age, daily habits and family history of T2DM.The data was measured, including heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), fasting blood glucose and insulin, and endothelium dependent dilatation (EDD). Moreover, body mass index (BMI), waist hip ratio (WHR) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were calculated. In 2007 the health status of subjects was followed-up. With the same method, the above mentioned measurements and 2 hour blood glucose after glucose loading were measured. According to occurrence of T2DM or not, the subjects were divided into diabetic group and non-diabetic group.3 Statistical analysis: The measurement data was presented with mean±standard deviation. The normality test of every group was took firstly. Abnormal data was analyzed after log- transformed. All data was analyzed by statistical software SPSS15.0 version. It applied independent-samples t-test to compare the measurement data, and chi-square test to compare the numeration data between diabetic group and non-diabetic group. Using Bivariate correlation and Logistic Regression the risk factors of T2DM were investigated. A value of P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results:1 524 of 583 subjects were followed up, and the percentage was 89.88%. There were 96 subjects in diabetic group, and 428 subjects in non-diabetic group. Compared with non-diabetic group, the systolic blood pressure(SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), BMI, WHR, TC, LDL-c, HOMA-IR and the percentage of male, family history of T2DM, smoking and drinking all were higher in diabetic group. And EDD, HDL-c were lower in diabetic group. There was no significant difference in age, HR and TG between the two groups. 2 The BMI before and after follow-up were 28.51±1.86 and 28.63±2.20, and there was no significant difference. Seven-year cumulative incidence of T2DM is 18.3%.3 Bivariate correlation between T2DM and all analytic factors showed that, sex, age, SBP, BMI, WHR, TC, LDL-c, HDL-c, HOMA-IR, EDD, family history of T2DM, smoking and drinking were correlated with T2DM, and HR, DBP, TG were not correlated.4 Logistic Regression about risk factors of T2DM showed that,HOMA-IR(OR=2.067),WHR(OR=1.889),EDD(OR=1.856),BMI (OR=1.847), family history of T2DM(OR=1.842), male (OR=1.759), age (OR=1.451), smoking (OR=1.375) and HDL-c (OR=0.645) were influential factors. SBP, TC, LDL-c and drin- king could not enter the regression model.5 The cumulative incidence of hypertension, coronary artery disease and dyslipidemia were 17.4%, 13.5%and 22.5%. All were higher in diabetic group (26.0%,20.8%,33.3%) than non-diabetic group(15.7%,11.9%,20.1%)(p<0.05).It showed the cooccurence of T2DM, the high blood, coronary artery disease and dyslipidemia in the obesity.Conclusion:1 The prevalence of T2DM in the obesity is higher than the normal. Their healthy is worrisome. It should catch the attention of medical worker and the obesity.2 There are some influential factors in the occurrence of T2DM. If first-level prevention was enforced, and some risk fa- ctors were eliminated in the high-risk group, the morbidity of T2DM would decrease.3 T2DM, hypertension, coronary artery disease and dyslipi- demia often concur in the obesity simultaneously. Therefore, it is important to take active intervention method to prevent or delay the complications of the obesity.