The Research On Epidemiological Status Of Hypertension And The Consciousness Of Hypertension In Gushan Town, Fuzhou

Objective:In order to know the prevalence rates of hypertension and its risk factors and to understand the consciousness of hypertension among residents in Gushan town, Fuzhou. To establish the foundation for prevention and treatment of hypertension and provide theoretical basis. To guide targeted health education in the future.Methods:(1)Sampling method: By using of random cluster sampling, 2 community(village) were selected.(2)Epidemiology investigation: A direct inquiry was adopted. Inquiry content included individual subject's general condition, such as age, sex, education level, occupation, marriage condition, monthly income, present hypertension condition, family history, smoking and alcohol drinking habits and physical exercise, etc.(3)Quality control: Quality control included investigator training, field investigation and data analysis.(4)Medical examination: A clinics even-link technic recommended by guideline of hypertension prevention and cure was adopted to blood pressure measure. Height, weight, waistline, hipline were measured by standard technic.(5)Diagnosis criteria: Diagnosis criteria of hypertension was according to the criteria recommended by WHO/ISH in 1999. Body mass index(BMI) was adopted to obesity criteria. Abdomen fat accumulating limit was judged by WHR, and diagnosis criteria of obesity referred to study on overweight and obesity in Chinese.(6)Statistics methods: Epidata3.1 was used to establish a database, input the raw data, finishing and checking. Then SAS9.0 was used to data analysis.Results:(1)General features of prevalence of hypertension A total of 2412 subjects entered blood pressure measure. 452 subjects suffered from hypertension. The prevalence rate of hypertension in Gushan town was 18.74%. The hypertension prevalence rate from our investigation of male was 22.61% and the rate of female was 15.16%. It had significant difference between the two (χ2=21.90,P<0.001). With age increasing, prevalence rate of hypertension went up gradually. There was an obvious ascending trend after 40 years old. Male prevalence rate of the disease were higher than female except in the age of 70～79. Prevalence rate of the disease were different in different occupations(χ2=50.22, P<0.001), and the farmer had the highest prevalence rate (29.72%). There were statistical difference in subjects with different education levels (χ2=129.07, P<0.001). The higher subjects received education, the lower prevalence rate was. The rates of awareness, treatment and controlling of hypertension sufferers in Gushan town were 54.42%, 42.03% and 10.40% respectively, The rates of awareness and treatment in female subjects were significantly higher than those in male subjects.(2) The relative influencing factors of hypertensionThere were 10 factors that had statistical significance after single variant analysis. They were sex, age, monthly income, education level, occupation, marriage condition, hypertension family history, BMI, waistline and diabetes. These factors were taken into step-logistic regression analysis. Significance level was 0.05 when variables coming into model and 0.05 when variables being kick out from model. Results showed that sex, age, occupation, education level, family history, BMI and diabetes were influencing factors of hypertension.(3)The consciousness of hypertensionThe consciousness of hypertension in Gushan town was relatively weak. More than half of the residents knew the value of normal blood pressure, but most of them did not konw the hazard of strode and coronary heart disease induced by hypertension, and still 23.30% of them did not know how to control blood pressure.Conclusion:Crude and standardized prevalence rate of the disease of residents in Gushan town were 18.74% and 20.69% respectively. The male hypertension prevalence rate was higher than female, and both advanced along with the age gradually increases. The ascending trend were accelerated after 40 years old. The rates of awareness, treatment and controlling were 54.42%, 42.03% and 10.40% respectively. That was higher than the results of national nutrition and health investigation on population in 2002 with the number 30.2%, 24.7% and 6.1%. But that was still at a lower level, need to improve. Situation of awareness, treatment, controlling in female was better than male. Results showed that sex, age, occupation, education level, family history, BMI and diabetes were influencing factors of hypertension. The consciousness of hypertension in Gushan town was relatively weak. We should strengthen health education and behavior intervention, carry out comprehensive prevention and treatment for hypertension in communities.