The Study On Mutagenic Effect Of Fish Sauce Available On The Market In Changle City Of Fujian

ObjectiveThe study evaluates mutagenicity of edible fish sauce which residents in Changle areas of high incidence of gastric cancer in Fujian often ingest in recent years, to assess the relationship between incidence of gastric cancer and intake of fish sauce, and further screen out risk factors of gastric cancer, then take effective primary preventive measures; and to provide some proposals for safe production and processing of fish sauce.MethodsAccording to the principle of combining somatic and germ cell, and tests in vitro and vivo together, we evaluated mutagenicity of fish sauce by CHO/HGPRT gene mutation test and single cell gel electrophoresis assay in vitro, mice marrow cell micronucleus assay and mice sperm malformation test in vivo.Results1. Improved mammalian cell gene mutation test: The mutant frequencies of fish sauce groups through S9 metabolic activation and all nitrosated fish sauce groups were significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.05, P<0.01), and there was dose-response relationship(S9-: rnitrosated fish sauce=0.986, P<0.05; S9+: rfish sauce=0.950, P=0.05; rnitrosated fish sauce=0.997, P<0.01); but the differences between fish sauce groups through no S9 metabolic activation and control group were not significant(P>0.05).2. Improved single cell gel electrophoresis assay: The tail length, tail moment and olive tail moment of all nitrosated fish sauce groups were significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.01), and there was dose-response relationship(rtail length =0.999, P<0.05; r olive tail moment=0.997, P<0.05); but the differences between fish sauce groups and control group were not significant(P>0.05).3. Improved mice marrow micronucleus assay: The micronucleus rates of nitrosated fish sauce groups and positive group were higher significantly than those of control group(P<0.01), and those of fish sauce groups of the same dose with nitrosated fish sauce(P<0.01); but the differences between fish sauce groups and control group were not significant(P>0.05).4. Improved mice sperm malformation test: The sperm malformation rates of nitrosated fish sauce groups and positive group were higher significantly than those of control group(P<0.01), and those of fish sauce groups of the same dose with nitrosated fish sauce(P<0.01); and the malformation rate of 50% was higher significantly than that of 25% in nitrosated fish sauce groups(P<0.01); but the differences between fish sauce groups and control group were not significant (P>0.05).ConclusionsFish sauce through nitrosation in vitro can induce CHO/HGPRT locus mutation, but the same effect through S9 metabolic activation is suspicious; and nitrosated fish sauce can cause breakage damage on DNA of gastric epithelial cell in vitro; and can make micronucleus rate of mice marrow cell and malformation rate of mice sperm rise in vivo, existing mutagenicity on mammalian somatic and germ cell. But untreated fish sauce have no mutagenic effect.